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Medir las competencias de IA de los estudiantes: desarrollo y validación de una escala multidimensional que integre
Zubair Ahmad1, Almaas Sultana1, Nafilah Abdul Latheef1
1Qatar University Young Scientists Center (QUYSC), Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Acta psychologica
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Una nueva Escala de Competencias de IA (AICS) mide efectivamente a los estudiantes
Área de la Ciencia:
- Tecnología educativa
- La inteligencia artificial en la educación
- Psicometría
Sus antecedentes:
- La rápida integración de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la educación K-12 requiere evaluar la competencia de IA de los estudiantes.
- El Marco de Competencias de la IA de la UNESCO destaca las dimensiones cognitivas, afectivas, éticas y técnicas de la competencia de la IA.
- Las brechas de evaluación existentes impiden a los educadores garantizar la preparación de los estudiantes para entornos de aprendizaje impulsados por la IA.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y validar la Escala de Competencia de IA (AICS) para evaluar la competencia de IA de los estudiantes de K-12.
- Operar la competencia de la IA en cuatro dimensiones: mentalidad centrada en el ser humano, ética de la IA, técnicas y aplicaciones de la IA y diseño del sistema de IA.
Principales métodos:
- El estudio incluyó a 608 estudiantes de secundaria en Qatar.
- Un proceso de validación en varias etapas incluyó revisiones de expertos, análisis de factores (EFA, CFA), pruebas de confiabilidad (alfa de Cronbach, confiabilidad compuesta) y evaluaciones de validez (convergente, discriminante, nomológica) utilizando SEM.
- Se empleó el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) para analizar las relaciones entre las dimensiones de competencia de la IA.
Principales resultados:
- La Escala de Competencia de la IA (AICS, por sus siglas en inglés) demostró fuertes propiedades psicométricas, lo que confirma su validez y fiabilidad.
- Los resultados de SEM indicaron una asociación positiva significativa entre la competencia general de IA y el interés de los estudiantes en las carreras relacionadas con la IA.
- Las cuatro dimensiones conceptualizadas de la competencia de la IA fueron respaldadas empíricamente.
Conclusiones:
- El AICS validado ofrece una herramienta sólida para evaluar la competencia de IA de los estudiantes en la educación K-12.
- La escala apoya a los educadores, investigadores y responsables políticos en el desarrollo de currículos, intervenciones específicas y políticas educativas basadas en la IA.
- La evaluación de la competencia de la IA es crucial para fomentar el compromiso ético e informado con la IA entre los estudiantes.
Palabras clave:
Competencia en inteligencia artificialPsicología educativaValidación psicométricaDesarrollo de escalaMarco de Competencias de la IA de la UNESCOMás Videos Relacionados
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