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Efectos divergentes de las mentalidades en las trayectorias de rendimiento

Melody M Chao¹, Allen H Huang², Anirban Mukhopadhyay³

¹Department of Management, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, S.A.R., China. mchao@ust.hk.

NPJ science of learning

|August 28, 2025

Resumen

Los estudiantes con una mentalidad de crecimiento inicialmente sobresalen pero su ventaja se desvanece. Tanto el crecimiento como las mentalidades fijas se correlacionan con el logro, mientras que las mentalidades poco claras conducen a resultados académicos más pobres.

Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología educativa
Desarrollo del capital humano

Sus antecedentes:

La "mentalidad de crecimiento" se promueve ampliamente para mejorar los resultados educativos.
Su eficacia es objeto de debate, lo que requiere una mayor investigación de sus efectos naturales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto longitudinal de las mentalidades de crecimiento en las trayectorias de rendimiento académico.
Explorar la relación matizada entre la mentalidad y los logros de los estudiantes desde el ingreso a la universidad hasta la finalización.

Principales métodos:

Análisis longitudinal de 915 estudiantes.
Se utilizaron 6.918 observaciones de semestre y 33.607 observaciones de curso.
Examinó las trayectorias de rendimiento académico a lo largo del tiempo.

Principales resultados:

Los estudiantes con mentalidades de crecimiento más fuertes superan inicialmente a los que tienen mentalidades fijas.
Esta ventaja inicial disminuye en el curso del estudio.
Las mentalidades de crecimiento ayudan a navegar por nuevos desafíos académicos.
Tanto el crecimiento como las mentalidades fijas están vinculados a mayores logros; la falta de una mentalidad clara se correlaciona con resultados más pobres.

Conclusiones:

La mentalidad juega un papel complejo en el éxito académico.
Las instituciones educativas deberían considerar dinámicas de mentalidad matizadas para el desarrollo del capital humano.
Las mentalidades claras y definidas (de crecimiento o fijas) son más beneficiosas que las ambiguas.

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