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Determinantes conductuales y psicológicos de las colisiones de peatones en carreteras arteriales con evidencia de
Ahmed Hossain1, Subasish Das1, Monire Jafari2
1Department of Civil Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA.
Scientific reports
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Las muertes de peatones en las carreteras principales son altas. Este estudio encontró que las condiciones oscuras, los errores del conductor y el deterioro del alcohol aumentan el riesgo de accidente, mientras que el comportamiento atento lo reduce.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Seguridad vial
- Ingeniería de transporte
- Psicología del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- Las carreteras arteriales contribuyen desproporcionadamente a las muertes de peatones a pesar del bajo kilometraje.
- Comprender los factores conductuales y psicológicos es crucial para mitigar los riesgos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar los accidentes de peatones en las arterias principales y menores en Louisiana.
- Identificar los determinantes conductuales y situacionales de los resultados de las lesiones graves o fatales.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 1722 accidentes de peatones en arterias principales y 1614 en arterias menores (2017-2021).
- Aplicación de un parámetro aleatorio multinomial modelo de logit con heterogeneidad en medios y varianza.
Principales resultados:
- Los desafíos de percepción (oscuridad), los errores del conductor (salidas de carril) y el deterioro del alcohol son predictores clave de accidentes graves.
- La baja visibilidad, los incidentes con un solo vehículo y los factores demográficos específicos aumentan el riesgo.
- Los comportamientos proactivos como la atención y el mantenimiento del carril reducen la probabilidad de lesiones.
Conclusiones:
- Los factores de riesgo y su impacto varían entre las arterias principales y menores.
- Las intervenciones del enfoque de sistemas seguros deben integrar soluciones de ingeniería con estrategias basadas en el comportamiento.
- Se recomiendan intervenciones específicas para la conducción deteriorada, el aumento de la percepción y los grupos en riesgo.
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