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Aprendizaje intercultural durante un programa de intercambio internacional en educación médica: un estudio

Karlo J Lizarraga¹, Christine Zizzi², Natalia Chunga²

¹Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 4901 Lac De Ville Boulevard, Building D, Suite 120, Rochester, NY, 14618, USA. karlo.lizarraga@gmail.com.

BMC medical education

|August 28, 2025

Resumen

El programa de intercambio de neurología Perú-Rochester (NeuroPro) fomentó el aprendizaje mutuo, exponiendo a los alumnos a diversos desafíos clínicos y mejorando el entendimiento intercultural. Este programa pone de relieve el valor de los intercambios médicos internacionales para el desarrollo profesional.

Área de la Ciencia:

Educación médica
Salud en el mundo
Formación en Neurología

Sus antecedentes:

El programa de intercambio de neurología Perú-Rochester (NeuroPro) se estableció en 2020.
En ella participan la Facultad de Medicina y Odontología de la Universidad de Rochester (URSMD), la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín (UNSA) y la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM).
Los alumnos de ambos países participaron en las asignaturas optativas estructuradas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Explorar las experiencias de aprendizaje intercultural de los alumnos en el NeuroPro.
Identificar temas relacionados con los procesos diagnósticos y terapéuticos, el acceso a los recursos y la participación de la comunidad.

Principales métodos:

Los alumnos ofrecieron reflexiones por escrito sobre sus experiencias.
Las reflexiones se recogieron 1-2 meses después de la elección.
Se utilizó un análisis fenomenológico interpretativo para identificar temas recurrentes.

Principales resultados:

Los alumnos de USMD señalaron las enfermedades infecciosas, los recursos limitados, los tratamientos empíricos, los desafíos compartidos de los pacientes y la recaudación de fondos comunitarios.
Los aprendices peruanos experimentaron enfermedades raras, diagnósticos avanzados, participación limitada del proveedor en temas sociales y menos participación de la comunidad.
Todos los alumnos superaron las barreras lingüísticas y obtuvieron valiosos conocimientos interculturales.

Conclusiones:

Los programas de intercambio internacional ofrecen una inmersión intercultural valiosa.
Las asignaturas optativas estructuradas proporcionan experiencias de aprendizaje que se complementan mutuamente.
El NeuroPro demuestra los beneficios de las asociaciones mundiales de educación médica.

Palabras clave:

Aprendizaje intercultural Humildad cultural La inmersión cultural Salud global Programa de intercambio internacional

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