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Estudio cualitativo sobre la experiencia psicológica y los estilos de afrontamiento de los maestros con respecto a
Yuehong Gao1,2, Yuanjing Ge3, Yanyan Chen4
1The Fourth People's Hospital of Nantong, Jangsu, China.
BMC psychology
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Los educadores desempeñan un papel crucial en el apoyo a la salud mental de los adolescentes, en particular en lo que respecta a las autolesiones no suicidas (NSSI). Este estudio explora las experiencias y estrategias de los profesores para abordar la NSSI, destacando la necesidad de mejores sistemas de apoyo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología educativa
- La salud mental de los adolescentes
- Psicología clínica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los crecientes problemas de salud mental de los adolescentes subrayan el papel vital de los educadores.
- La investigación sobre la participación de los maestros en el tratamiento de la autolesión no suicida de los adolescentes (NSSI) es limitada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar el NSSI adolescente desde la perspectiva de los educadores.
- Identificar los factores que contribuyen y las estrategias de los profesores para la gestión de la NSSI.
- Investigar las respuestas emocionales y las motivaciones de los profesores en el manejo de la NSSI.
- Promover la comunicación interdisciplinaria para la prevención de la NSSI en los adolescentes.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio cualitativo y descriptivo mediante muestreo intencional.
- Entrevistas semiestructuradas y en profundidad con 15 profesores con experiencia en el manejo de la NSSI en adolescentes.
- Análisis y síntesis de datos a través del método de siete pasos de Colaizzi.
Principales resultados:
- Cinco temas surgieron: la dinámica familiar, la ecología social (riesgos digitales, contagio entre pares), la respuesta de los maestros (brechas intergeneracionales), la psicología de los maestros (agotamiento) y las limitaciones del apoyo escolar.
- Los maestros enfrentan conflictos emocionales y agotamiento debido a brechas intergeneracionales en la comprensión de la autolesión.
Conclusiones:
- La NSSI adolescente requiere una mayor atención y intervenciones multifacéticas.
- La mejora de la educación de los padres, la conciencia social y la formación de los maestros es crucial.
- Las escuelas deben desarrollar profesionales psicológicos y apoyar el bienestar de los maestros para reducir efectivamente el NSSI.
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