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Modulación mediada por la microbiota intestinal de la disponibilidad y el metabolismo de los aminoácidos del huésped
Ziyi Han1, Lingyang Zhao1, Qilin Hu1
1State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Gut microbes
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
La microbiota intestinal tiene un impacto significativo en los niveles de aminoácidos del huésped al competir por los nutrientes, sintetizar aminoácidos y alterar los mecanismos de absorción del huésped. Comprender estas interacciones es clave para desarrollar terapias personalizadas de salud intestinal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- El metabolismo
- Gastroenterología
Sus antecedentes:
- La microbiota intestinal es parte integral de la fisiología del huésped, influyendo en el metabolismo de los nutrientes.
- La homeostasis de aminoácidos es crítica para la salud en general y está modulada por las comunidades microbianas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los mecanismos por los que la microbiota intestinal influye en la disponibilidad y el metabolismo de los aminoácidos del huésped.
- Para resaltar el papel de las interacciones microbianas en la homeostasis de aminoácidos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura que resume las investigaciones actuales sobre la microbiota intestinal y el metabolismo de los aminoácidos.
- Análisis de tres mecanismos primarios de influencia microbiana: competencia/biosíntesis, modulación de transportadores/hidrolasas del huésped y factores secretados.
Principales resultados:
- Los microbios intestinales compiten por los aminoácidos de la dieta y realizan la síntesis de novo.
- La microbiota modula las hidrolasas intestinales del huésped y los transportadores de aminoácidos, afectando la absorción y la biodisponibilidad.
- Los metabolitos y las vesículas microbianas reprograman las vías metabólicas de los aminoácidos del huésped.
Conclusiones:
- La microbiota intestinal tiene un profundo impacto en el metabolismo de los aminoácidos del huésped a través de múltiples vías interconectadas.
- Las variaciones interindividuales requieren enfoques terapéuticos personalizados dirigidos al microbioma intestinal para los trastornos relacionados con los aminoácidos.
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