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Un metamaterial acústico programable: logrando una modulación de banda ultra ancha sin ataduras con transición

Yachao Zhang¹, Longfei Chang^2,3, Tao Wang¹

¹Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China. huying@hfut.edu.cn.

Materials horizons

|August 29, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio presenta los absorbentes acústicos sintonizables que utilizan polímeros fotoactivos para el control programable del ruido. Estas estructuras innovadoras logran la modulación de frecuencias de banda ultra ancha, ofreciendo soluciones adaptativas para la contaminación acústica de baja frecuencia.

Área de la Ciencia:

Acústico
Ciencias de los materiales
Ciencias de los Polímeros

Sus antecedentes:

La creciente preocupación por la contaminación acústica de baja frecuencia requiere soluciones de atenuación acústica adaptables.
Los metamateriales acústicos convencionales tienen geometrías fijas, lo que limita su capacidad de ajuste en el rango de frecuencia funcional.

Objetivo del estudio:

Proponer nuevas estructuras de absorción acústica sintonizables.
Para permitir la modulación programable de las propiedades acústicas de banda ultra ancha.
Para demostrar la aplicación de polímeros fotoactivos en el control acústico.

Principales métodos:

Integración de actuadores de polímeros fotoactivos de alto rendimiento con configuraciones clásicas de metamateriales acústicos.
Utilizando materiales inteligentes blandos para las transiciones estructurales entre las configuraciones de metamateriales.
Las mediciones experimentales y las simulaciones de modelado por elementos finitos (FEM).

Principales resultados:

Se ha conseguido una modulación programable de la absorción acústica de banda ultra ancha.
Se han demostrado transiciones efectivas entre la resonancia de micro hendidura, la resonancia de membrana y los modos de resonancia MPP.
Logró una modulación de banda de frecuencia normalizada sin ataduras de hasta el 324,6%.

Conclusiones:

Aplicación pionera de polímeros fotoactivos para el control acústico inalámbrico de banda ancha.
Desarrollo de soluciones adaptativas de gestión del ruido.
Fundación para futuras investigaciones en metamateriales acústicos sintonizables.

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