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Intervenciones en el estilo de vida en la fragilidad

Fernando Millan-Domingo1, Jose Viña2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|August 29, 2025
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Resumen

La fragilidad en los adultos mayores se puede prevenir y revertir a través de intervenciones personalizadas de nutrición y ejercicio. Adaptar estos cambios al estilo de vida es clave para combatir la fragilidad asociada a la edad y reducir la discapacidad.

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EdadDeficienciasIncapacidadCuadro de saludLa nutriciónProteínasLas vitaminas

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología y Geriatría
  • Medicina para el estilo de vida

Sus antecedentes:

  • La fragilidad es una preocupación significativa en las poblaciones que envejecen, lo que lleva a una mayor discapacidad y dependencia de la atención.
  • Las proyecciones actuales indican un aumento sustancial de la población de edad avanzada que requiere atención para el año 2050.
  • A diferencia del envejecimiento, la fragilidad es una condición que puede abordarse y potencialmente revertirse.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar el papel de la nutrición y el ejercicio físico en la prevención y el tratamiento de la fragilidad asociada a la edad.
  • Enfatizar la necesidad crítica de intervenciones personalizadas en gerontología y geriatría.
  • Para esbozar estrategias generales, pero adaptables, para manejar la fragilidad.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura actual sobre las intervenciones de estilo de vida para la fragilidad.
  • Análisis de los principios de la medicina personalizada aplicados a la atención geriátrica.
  • Síntesis de enfoques generales para programas de nutrición y ejercicio a medida.

Principales resultados:

  • La nutrición y el ejercicio físico se identifican como las principales intervenciones de estilo de vida para la fragilidad.
  • La personalización es una característica común crucial para la efectividad de las intervenciones de nutrición y ejercicio.
  • La revisión destaca el potencial de las intervenciones de precisión en geriatría, reflejando los avances en otros campos como la oncología.

Conclusiones:

  • La fragilidad asociada a la edad es una condición modificable que se puede prevenir o revertir.
  • La nutrición personalizada y el ejercicio son estrategias efectivas para manejar la fragilidad.
  • Un cambio hacia intervenciones individualizadas de precisión es esencial para avanzar en la atención geriátrica y mejorar los resultados para los adultos mayores.