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Una rara variante anatómica venosa en la extremidad inferior

Margarita Toumanidou¹, Stamatis Karakatsanis², Elias Kotteas²

¹Center of Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Lymphedema-Lymphatic Diseases of Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece.

|August 29, 2025

Resumen

Se encontró una variante anatómica venosa rara, el drenaje directo de la vena femoral popliteal a común sin una vena femoral superficial, en un paciente con cáncer de pulmón y trombosis venosa profunda (TVP). Este hallazgo pone de relieve la importancia de reconocer la anatomía venosa inusual en el diagnóstico de TVP.

Área de la Ciencia:

La anatomía vascular
Tromboembolismo venoso
Imágenes médicas

Sus antecedentes:

La trombosis venosa profunda (TVP) es una preocupación clínica significativa, a menudo influenciada por factores específicos del paciente.
La malignidad es un factor de riesgo conocido para los estados hipercoagulables, aumentando la incidencia de TVP.
Las variaciones anatómicas en el sistema venoso pueden afectar el flujo sanguíneo y el riesgo trombótico.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para describir una variante anatómica venosa rara identificada en un paciente con trombosis venosa profunda (TVP) y cáncer de pulmón.
Investigar el papel potencial de esta variante anatómica en la patogénesis de la TVP en un estado hipercoagulable.
Hacer hincapié en la importancia clínica del reconocimiento de las variantes anatómicas venosas para un diagnóstico y un tratamiento precisos de la TVP.

Principales métodos:

Informe de caso de un paciente de 68 años.
Se utilizó la ecografía dúplex a color para la visualización detallada del sistema venoso.
Centrado en las estructuras venosas poplítea y femoral.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó una variante venosa rara: drenaje directo de la vena poplítea hacia la vena femoral común.
Se observó la ausencia completa de la vena femoral superficial.
El paciente tenía antecedentes de cáncer de pulmón, una condición hipercoagulable.

Conclusiones:

Esta variante anatómica venosa no descrita anteriormente puede predisponer a las personas a la trombogénesis, particularmente en el contexto de la malignidad.
La identificación precisa de tales anomalías venosas es crucial para el diagnóstico eficaz y las estrategias de tratamiento de la trombosis venosa profunda.
El conocimiento de las variaciones venosas raras mejora la toma de decisiones clínicas en pacientes con TVP.

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