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La ingestión de huesos de pescado es una causa importante de perforación intestinal
Wenwei Zuo1, Jiexin Bai1,2, Jing Wei2
1Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Frontiers in medicine
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
La ingestión de huesos de pescado puede causar raras perforaciones intestinales. El diagnóstico rápido utilizando imágenes como tomografías computarizadas y la historia clínica completa del paciente son cruciales para un tratamiento y recuperación efectivos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología
- Patología quirúrgica
- Imágenes médicas
Sus antecedentes:
- La ingestión de cuerpos extraños (FBI) es común, siendo la ingestión de huesos de pescado (FI) una ocurrencia frecuente.
- La perforación intestinal inducida por el hueso de pescado (FIIP) es una complicación rara pero grave, a menudo omitida en los diagnósticos iniciales.
- El dolor abdominal agudo puede ser un síntoma de FIIP, que requiere una evaluación cuidadosa.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar un caso de perforación intestinal inducida por huesos de pescado (FIIP) y revisar la literatura existente.
- Hacer hincapié en la importancia del diagnóstico rápido y la identificación de la causa de la perforación intestinal.
- Resaltar el papel de la historia clínica y el diagnóstico por imágenes en la gestión de la FIIP.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de caso de un paciente de 39 años con dolor abdominal agudo diagnosticado con FIIP.
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre la perforación intestinal inducida por huesos de pescado.
- Utilizó cirugía laparoscópica, seguida de una laparotomía para la extracción de huesos de pescado.
Principales resultados:
- Exitosa extirpación quirúrgica del hueso de pescado y recuperación favorable del paciente.
- La tomografía computarizada (TC) y la ecografía son esenciales para el diagnóstico, ya que la TC ofrece una mayor precisión.
- La FIIP debe considerarse en pacientes adultos, especialmente en personas de edad avanzada, en áreas con un alto consumo de pescado.
Conclusiones:
- La identificación rápida de las causas de la perforación y el historial médico completo son críticos.
- El diagnóstico y el tratamiento tempranos, guiados por imágenes como tomografías computarizadas, son vitales para el manejo de la FIIP.
- Las estrategias de tratamiento mínimamente invasivas deben priorizarse en función de la condición del paciente, y la educación clínica es clave para reducir los retrasos en el diagnóstico.
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