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La prematuridad es un factor de riesgo de trastornos de la interacción intestino-cerebro en adultos: un estudio de
Olivier Courbette1, Camille Girard-Bock2, Anik Cloutier2
1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal H3T1C5, Quebec, Canada. olivier.courbette@gmail.com.
World journal of clinical pediatrics
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
Los adultos nacidos prematuramente tienen un mayor riesgo de desarrollar trastornos de la interacción intestino-cerebro (DGBI), incluidos los trastornos funcionales intestinales. Este riesgo está influenciado por factores relacionados con la prematuridad, la salud mental y el sexo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología
- Neonatología
- La psiquiatría
Sus antecedentes:
- Los trastornos de la interacción intestino-cerebral (DGBI) incluyen síntomas gastrointestinales crónicos.
- Los factores estresantes de la vida temprana son posibles contribuyentes a la DGBI.
- La prematuridad y los factores neonatales pueden influir en el desarrollo de la DGBI.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la prematuridad y el desarrollo de la DGBI en la edad adulta.
- Identificar los factores neonatales específicos que influyen en la DGBI en las personas nacidas prematuramente.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio caso-control con adultos nacidos extremadamente prematuramente (< 29 semanas de gestación) y controles.
- Utilizó el cuestionario de diagnóstico de Roma IV para la evaluación de la DGBI.
- Datos recopilados sobre factores neonatales, sociodemografía, ansiedad y depresión.
Principales resultados:
- Los adultos nacidos prematuramente mostraron una prevalencia significativamente mayor de trastornos funcionales del intestino.
- Las mujeres que nacieron prematuramente tuvieron mayores tasas de trastornos funcionales gastroduodenales, trastornos funcionales intestinales y estreñimiento funcional.
- Los factores de riesgo incluyen afecciones relacionadas con la prematuridad, factores psicológicos (ansiedad, depresión) y sexo femenino.
Conclusiones:
- Se confirma que la prematuridad es un factor de riesgo significativo para el desarrollo de la DGBI.
- Este estudio proporciona la primera evidencia de caso-control en una cohorte bien caracterizada de adultos nacidos prematuramente.
- Los hallazgos destacan el impacto a largo plazo de la prematuridad en la interacción intestino-cerebro.
Palabras clave:
EstreñimientoTrastornos de la interacción intestino-cerebroEl estrés de la vidaEl dolorLa prematuridadNacimiento prematuroMás Videos Relacionados
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