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Un programa de creación de capacidades impulsado digitalmente en toda la India para fortalecer la atención primaria
Hetashri Shah1, Gajanan Ganapati Sabhahit1, Rahul Patley1
1NIMHANS Digital Academy, Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Indian journal of psychological medicine
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
La capacitación digital en salud mental en la India mejoró significativamente el conocimiento, la actitud y las puntuaciones de práctica de los oficiales médicos, los oficiales de salud comunitaria y los trabajadores a nivel de campo. Este enfoque escalable mejora la prestación de atención primaria de salud mental en todo el país.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Salud digital
- Formación en salud mental
Sus antecedentes:
- El Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental y Neurociencias de la India (NIMHANS) lideró una iniciativa de desarrollo de capacidades digitales.
- El programa tenía como objetivo mejorar la prestación de atención primaria de salud mental en toda la India.
- Formación dirigida a oficiales médicos (MO), oficiales de salud comunitarios (CHO) y trabajadores a nivel de campo (FLW).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto de la capacitación digital en el conocimiento, la actitud y la práctica (KAP) de los trabajadores sanitarios en la gestión de trastornos psiquiátricos comunes.
- Evaluar el compromiso de los participantes y la eficacia de las consultas por vídeo colaborativas (CVC) en el apoyo a la atención primaria de salud mental.
- Determinar la escalabilidad y viabilidad de la capacitación en salud mental digital para los trabajadores de salud de primera línea.
Principales métodos:
- Un módulo de capacitación digital de seis semanas fue entregado a MOs, CHOs y FLWs en nueve estados indios desde octubre de 2022 hasta junio de 2024.
- La capacitación in situ se llevó a cabo en Tripura y Telangana.
- Las puntuaciones KAP de los participantes se analizaron utilizando pruebas t emparejadas, junto con las métricas de compromiso y los datos de 1.320 CVC.
Principales resultados:
- 42.192 participantes (7.248 MOs, 18.993 CHO, 15.951 FLW) estuvieron involucrados.
- Se observaron mejoras estadísticamente significativas (p < .05) en las puntuaciones de KAP después de la capacitación para varios cuadros en varios estados.
- Se observaron altas tasas de participación, especialmente entre los CHO de Bihar (80,51%).
Conclusiones:
- La creación de capacidades digitales es un método viable y escalable para la capacitación de los trabajadores sanitarios de primera línea en la atención de la salud mental.
- La iniciativa demostró un enfoque práctico para mejorar el conocimiento clínico, la actitud y la práctica en los entornos de atención primaria.
- Este modelo de capacitación digital mejora efectivamente la gestión de los trastornos psiquiátricos dentro de la comunidad.
Palabras clave:
Desarrollo de capacidadesPrograma de Salud Mental de toda la IndiaFormación en salud digitalAtención primaria de salud mentalTele-mentoría en salud mentalMás Videos Relacionados
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