La homofobia internalizada y el uso de cigarrillos entre los hombres latinos y las minorías sexuales negras: factores de protección y riesgo
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Eduardo Hernandez Mozo1, Jaclyn A Siegel1, Valerie Douglas1
1San Diego State University.
Stigma and health
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
La homofobia internalizada se relacionó con un menor uso diario de cigarrillos en hombres negros y latinos de minorías sexuales. Sin embargo, el racismo internalizado y la aceptación de la identidad étnica alteraron significativamente esta asociación, impactando en las disparidades de tabaquismo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Investigación sobre el uso de sustancias
- Salud de las minorías
Sus antecedentes:
- Los hombres latinos y negros de minorías sexuales (SMM) exhiben tasas más altas de consumo de cigarrillos que los hombres heterosexuales y blancos.
- La homofobia internalizada es un factor potencial en las disparidades de uso de sustancias entre los hombres de sexo masculino, pero los hallazgos de la investigación son inconsistentes.
- La comprensión de los moderadores es crucial para abordar las disparidades de tabaquismo en esta población.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar la asociación entre la homofobia internalizada y el uso diario de cigarrillos entre SMM negros y latinos.
- Investigar las funciones moderadoras del racismo internalizado y la aceptación de la identidad étnica en esta asociación.
Principales métodos:
- Datos recopilados de 165 SMM negros y / o latinos en los Estados Unidos a través de encuestas en línea (diciembre de 2020 - febrero de 2021).
- Regresión de Poisson inflada a cero utilizada para analizar la relación entre la homofobia internalizada y el uso diario de cigarrillos.
- El análisis de moderación probó la influencia del racismo internalizado y la aceptación de la identidad étnica.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró una asociación negativa entre la homofobia internalizada y el consumo diario de cigarrillos.
- Esta asociación fue moderada significativamente por el racismo internalizado y la aceptación de la identidad étnica.
- El bajo racismo internalizado y la alta aceptación de la identidad étnica debilitaron el vínculo entre la homofobia internalizada y el tabaquismo; la baja aceptación de la identidad étnica lo fortaleció.
Conclusiones:
- La relación de la homofobia internalizada con el uso de cigarrillos en el SMM negro y latino es compleja e influenciada por el racismo internalizado y la identidad étnica.
- Los hallazgos destacan la necesidad de intervenciones culturalmente sensibles que aborden el estigma internalizado y promuevan la identidad étnica.
- Los resultados sirven de base para el desarrollo de programas de prevención y cesación del tabaquismo dirigidos a hombres de diversas minorías sexuales.
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