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Pericarditis purulenta aguda secundaria a la neumonía por estreptococos adquirida en la comunidad: un informe de caso

Kevan English¹, Noelle Pick², Allyson Schmitz²

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States. keenglish@unmc.edu.

World journal of clinical cases

|August 29, 2025

Resumen

La pericarditis purulenta, una rara complicación de la neumonía, es a menudo fatal sin tratamiento antibiótico inmediato. La sospecha temprana y la intervención son cruciales para la supervivencia del paciente.

Área de la Ciencia:

Cardiología
Enfermedades infecciosas
Pulmonología

Sus antecedentes:

La pericarditis, inflamación del saco pericárdico, se presenta con dolor en el pecho y dificultad para respirar, lo que representa el 5% de las visitas a urgencias por dolor torácico no isquémico.
Aunque a menudo es autolimitado, las complicaciones incluyen tamponado y derrames recurrentes. Los factores de riesgo incluyen infecciones virales, cirugía y trastornos autoinmunes.
La pericarditis purulenta, una forma rara y peligrosa, puede surgir de la neumonía y tiene una alta tasa de mortalidad, especialmente con el tamponado.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para resaltar una complicación única de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad: pericarditis purulenta.
Para enfatizar el papel crítico de la intervención rápida de antibióticos en el manejo de esta condición que amenaza la vida.

Principales métodos:

Se detalla un caso de una mujer de 62 años con neumonía que presentaba un derrame pericárdico.
Las herramientas de diagnóstico incluyeron rayos X de tórax, ultrasonido en el punto de atención y pericardiocentesis con cultivo de líquido.
El tratamiento incluyó antibióticos de amplio espectro después del procedimiento.

Principales resultados:

El cultivo de líquido pericárdico del paciente identificó estreptococos neumoníacos.
Después de la pericardiocentesis y el tratamiento con antibióticos, el paciente fue dado de alta en condición estable.
Este caso ilustra la propagación intratorácica de *streptococcus pneumoniae* que conduce a una pericarditis purulenta.

Conclusiones:

La pericarditis purulenta debida a *streptococcus pneumoniae* es una condición prácticamente fatal si no se trata con antibióticos.
Los médicos deben sospechar pericarditis purulenta en pacientes con neumonía y nuevas colecciones de líquido pericárdico.
La intervención emergente, incluidos los antibióticos, es esencial para obtener resultados favorables.

Palabras clave:

Tamponado cardíaco Colchicina y sus derivados Neumonía adquirida en la Comunidad Derrame pericárdico La pericardiocentesis Pericarditis purulenta Streptococcus pneumoniae también conocido como Streptococcus pneumoniae

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