Aislar el papel único de los factores de riesgo transdiagnóstico y las barreras percibidas para dejar de fumar
Andre Bizier1, Jessica M Thai1, Lorra Garey1,2
1Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Addiction research & theory
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
La sensibilidad a la ansiedad y la baja tolerancia a la angustia tienen un impacto significativo en las barreras percibidas para dejar de fumar. La comprensión de estas vulnerabilidades afectivas es clave para desarrollar estrategias efectivas de cesación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- Investigación de las adicciones
- Ciencias del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- Las vulnerabilidades afectivas están vinculadas a patrones de tabaquismo más graves.
- Los factores de riesgo transdiagnóstico como la tolerancia a la angustia, la sensibilidad a la ansiedad y la desregulación emocional influyen en las barreras para dejar de fumar.
- Las investigaciones anteriores no han aislado los efectos únicos de estas vulnerabilidades en las dimensiones específicas de las barreras para dejar de fumar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los efectos independientes de la sensibilidad a la ansiedad, la tolerancia a la angustia y la desregulación emocional en las barreras percibidas para dejar de fumar.
- Examinar estos efectos a través de las barreras de la adicción, externas e internas.
- Para controlar la variación compartida entre estas vulnerabilidades afectivas.
Principales métodos:
- En el estudio participaron 154 adultos fumadores diarios.
- Se evaluó la sensibilidad a la ansiedad, la tolerancia a la angustia y la desregulación emocional.
- Evaluó las barreras percibidas para dejar de fumar en todos los ámbitos de la adicción, externos e internos.
Principales resultados:
- Una mayor sensibilidad a la ansiedad se correlacionó con mayores barreras externas percibidas.
- Una menor tolerancia a la angustia se correlacionó con mayores barreras internas y de adicción percibidas.
- La desregulación de las emociones no mostró asociaciones significativas únicas.
Conclusiones:
- La sensibilidad a la ansiedad y la tolerancia a la angustia son predictores cruciales y distintos de las barreras percibidas para dejar de fumar.
- Estos hallazgos ponen de relieve la importancia de considerar la sensibilidad a la ansiedad y la tolerancia a la angustia en conjunto para las intervenciones para dejar de fumar.
- El papel de la desregulación de las emociones justifica una mayor investigación en relación con estas construcciones.
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