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Boas y la metafísica de la raza en el debate de la raza biológica
1Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6994801, Tel Aviv Israel, Israel.
Studies in history and philosophy of science
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
Franz Boas, un pionero en la antropología, argumentó que las razas humanas no son reales, cambiando la metafísica de la raza a un debate ontológico en lugar de semántico. Su postura anti-realista sobre la raza, aunque influyente científicamente, sigue siendo en gran medida no reconocida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Antropología
- Filosofía de la Ciencia
- La metafísica de la raza
Sus antecedentes:
- Franz Boas es reconocido como una figura fundamental en la antropología moderna.
- Sus contribuciones científicas revolucionaron el campo.
- La comprensión popular de la raza en ese momento era biológicamente determinista.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel pionero de Franz Boas en la metafísica de la raza.
- Para analizar la posición filosófica de Boas sobre la realidad de las razas humanas.
- Para determinar si Boas inició un giro ontológico o semántico en la teoría de la raza.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis filosófico de los escritos de Boas sobre la raza.
- Examen de los argumentos de Boas en contra del determinismo biológico.
- Contextualización histórica de la postura antirrealista de Boas.
Principales resultados:
- La posición de Boas sobre la raza se caracteriza como anti-realismo.
- Aceptó la definición biológica de la raza, pero argumentó que las razas humanas no son reales.
- Boas inició un giro ontológico, afirmando que las razas humanas no existen.
Conclusiones:
- Boas fue pionero en la idea de que las razas no son reales, un cambio ontológico.
- Su evidencia científica apoyó esta posición antirrealista.
- Esta importante contribución ontológica ha sido en gran medida pasada por alto en comparación con su impacto científico.
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