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Adaptaciones metabólicas de los hepatocitos durante el embarazo y la lactancia
Li Yang1, Yu Zhang2, Xin-Xin Yu3
1State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China.
Cell
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
El hígado tiene un "reloj de embarazo" que maneja los cambios metabólicos durante el embarazo y la recuperación posparto. Este reloj es crucial para la salud materna, el desarrollo fetal y la producción de leche en los mamíferos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Hepatología
- Adaptaciones metabólicas
- Biología de la reproducción
Sus antecedentes:
- El hígado sufre cambios metabólicos significativos durante el embarazo y la lactancia para apoyar el desarrollo de la descendencia.
- Comprender los mecanismos precisos y la regulación de estas adaptaciones hepáticas es crucial, pero sigue siendo incompleto.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Caracterizar sistemáticamente las adaptaciones metabólicas de los hepatocitos en ratones durante el embarazo y las etapas posparto.
- Aclarar las vías reguladoras que rigen estos cambios y sus consecuencias funcionales.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó secuenciación de ARN unicelular de alta resolución para analizar los hepatocitos de ratón en diferentes etapas reproductivas.
- Se utilizó la manipulación genética (deleción de gp130 y ACSS2) para evaluar el papel de proteínas específicas en la adaptación hepática.
- Se realizó un análisis comparativo con datos de ovejas para identificar vías conservadas.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó una trayectoria cíclica de los hepatocitos, denominada "reloj del embarazo", que regula los cambios metabólicos durante la gestación y la recuperación posparto.
- La lactancia indujo una trayectoria distinta con aumento de la síntesis y exportación de lípidos.
- La deleción de gp130 afectó el crecimiento fetal, mientras que la deficiencia de ACSS2 redujo el contenido de lípidos de la leche y comprometió el desarrollo de la descendencia.
- Se observaron vías de adaptación metabólica hepática conservadas entre ratones y ovejas.
Conclusiones:
- La plasticidad hepatocítica está regulada dinámicamente por trayectorias distintas durante el embarazo y la lactancia.
- Las vías identificadas y los reguladores clave (gp130, ACSS2) ofrecen objetivos terapéuticos potenciales para mejorar la salud materno-fetal y la lactancia.
- Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones para la biología reproductiva y el manejo del ganado.
Palabras clave:
ACSS2 (en inglés)Señalización JAK/STATGestacióngp130 y gp130Adaptaciones de los hepatocitosLa lactanciaFunción hepática maternareloj de embarazoHepatócitos de ovejassecuenciación de ARN de una sola célulaMás Videos Relacionados
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