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Prevenir el asesinato-suicidio de la pareja íntima: un estudio de casos y controles de hombres suicidas en relaciones
Julie M Kafka1, Vivian H Lyons2, Angel Cheung2
1University of Colorado Firearm Injury Prevention Initiative; University of Washington Firearm Injury & Policy Research Program.
American journal of preventive medicine
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
El acceso a armas de fuego y los antecedentes militares aumentan el riesgo de suicidio por parte de la pareja íntima en hombres con antecedentes de violencia por parte de la pareja íntima (IPV). Las órdenes de violencia doméstica y los indicadores previos de suicidio disminuyen este riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Criminología
- La psiquiatría
Sus antecedentes:
- El asesinato-suicidio por parte de la pareja íntima es un problema crítico de salud pública, que a menudo implica violencia por parte de la pareja íntima (IPV).
- Aproximadamente el 62% de los asesinatos-suicidios en EE.UU. tienen como objetivo a una pareja íntima.
- Este estudio se centra en la identificación de factores de riesgo para el asesinato-suicidio de pareja íntima entre hombres suicidas con antecedentes de VPI.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar indicadores de riesgo específicos que diferencien el asesinato de pareja íntima del suicidio solo entre hombres con antecedentes de perpetrar VPI.
- Informar las estrategias de prevención dirigidas a las personas de alto riesgo.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de caso y control que utiliza los datos del Sistema Nacional de Información de Muertes Violentas (NVDRS) de 2019-2020.
- Casos: hombres que cometen asesinatos-suicidios con pareja íntima. Controles: Hombres perpetradores de VPI que murieron por suicidio sin matar a su pareja.
- Los resúmenes de texto de NVDRS se codificaron para obtener información detallada del evento; las ecuaciones de estimación generalizadas analizaron las probabilidades ajustadas.
Principales resultados:
- El uso de armas de fuego (aOR: 5.3) y el historial militar fallecido (aOR: 1.8) se asociaron significativamente con un aumento de las probabilidades de asesinato-suicidio de la pareja íntima.
- La participación previa en una orden de protección contra la violencia doméstica (aOR: 0,4) y los factores de riesgo de suicidio establecidos (por ejemplo, depresión, intentos previos de suicidio) se asociaron con una disminución de las probabilidades.
Conclusiones:
- Varios factores distinguen el riesgo de asesinato-suicidio de la pareja íntima del riesgo de suicidio solo en hombres que perpetran VPI.
- Mejorar las órdenes de protección contra la violencia doméstica y restringir el acceso a las armas de fuego para los perpetradores de violencia doméstica puede prevenir estos eventos.
- Se recomienda la detección e intervención integradas en los sistemas militares, sanitarios, legales y de bienestar infantil para la tendencia al suicidio y la perpetración de VPI.
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