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Enfermedades de las encías inducidas por medicamentos: análisis de la base de datos del Sistema de notificación de
Shun Mao1, Fei Ma1, Chang Zeng1
1School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Department of General Dentistry, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, China.
European journal of pharmacology
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio analizó los datos de la FDA para identificar medicamentos que causan enfermedades de las encías. 83 medicamentos mostraron señales de riesgo, incluida la osteoporosis y los medicamentos cardiovasculares, que ayudaron a los proveedores de atención médica en el diagnóstico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacovigilancia de las sustancias
- Medicina dental
- Seguridad de las drogas
Sus antecedentes:
- Las enfermedades de las encías inducidas por medicamentos representan un desafío clínico significativo.
- Comprender la asociación entre los medicamentos y la salud gingival es crucial para el cuidado del paciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar posibles asociaciones de fármacos con enfermedades de las encías utilizando la base de datos del Sistema de Notificación de Eventos Adversos de la FDA (FAERS).
- Para detectar las señales de seguridad de los medicamentos relacionados con los efectos adversos gingival.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos del FAERS desde el primer trimestre de 2004 hasta el tercer trimestre de 2024
- Aplicación de análisis de desproporcionalidad (ROR, PRR, BCPNN, MGPS) para detectar señales de eventos adversos.
- Análisis estadístico descriptivo de los datos demográficos de los pacientes y de las fuentes de información.
Principales resultados:
- Se notificaron 34.354 reacciones adversas relacionadas con enfermedades de las encías inducidas por fármacos.
- 83 fármacos presentaron señales de riesgo positivas, incluidos los agentes antiosteoporóticos (ácido zoledrónico, denosumab, ácido alendrónico) y los fármacos cardiovasculares (amlodipino, rivaroxabán).
- Las mujeres y las personas mayores se vieron afectadas con mayor frecuencia; los consumidores fueron los principales informantes.
Conclusiones:
- El análisis de la base de datos FAERS identificó medicamentos específicos asociados con un mayor riesgo de enfermedades de las encías.
- Los hallazgos ponen de relieve la posible falta de documentación de los riesgos gingival para ciertos medicamentos.
- Los resultados pueden mejorar la capacidad de los proveedores de atención médica para reconocer y controlar las enfermedades de las encías inducidas por medicamentos.
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