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Habilidades clínicas en plasmaféresis terapéutica en cuidados intensivos: una revisión del alcance

Pedro Ramos-Figueiras¹, Maria Pinto-Marques², Margarida Palma-Goes²

¹Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Alentejo Central Local Health Unit, Évora, Portugal.

Enfermeria intensiva

|August 29, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio traza las intervenciones de enfermería para las habilidades terapéuticas de plasmaféresis. Destaca la necesidad de programas de capacitación estructurados para garantizar la atención segura y efectiva de los pacientes en entornos intensivos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Enfermería
Medicina de cuidados intensivos
La inmunomodulación

Sus antecedentes:

La plasmaféresis terapéutica se utiliza cada vez más en las unidades de cuidados intensivos para la modulación inmune.
Las enfermeras a menudo dependen de la experiencia en diálisis, pero la plasmaféresis requiere habilidades especializadas.
Este procedimiento elimina anticuerpos y toxinas, abordando patologías graves.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar y mapear intervenciones de enfermería que apoyen el desarrollo de habilidades clínicas para la plasmaféresis terapéutica.
Establecer una base para la formación especializada en este complejo procedimiento.

Principales métodos:

Se empleó una metodología de revisión de alcance.
Las búsquedas realizadas a través de las bases de datos CINAHL, MEDLINE, COCHRANE y Virtual Health Library.
Inclusión de artículos revisados por pares sobre el cuidado de enfermería desde 2017 y directrices internacionales.

Principales resultados:

Se analizaron once artículos y cinco directrices.
Las habilidades identificadas se dividen en ámbitos generales, técnicos, de gestión y de comunicación.
Enfatizó el razonamiento clínico y la práctica basada en la evidencia para las intervenciones de enfermería.

Conclusiones:

La plasmaféresis terapéutica es crucial en cuidados intensivos para diversas situaciones clínicas.
La atención individualizada del paciente y la evaluación específica de la condición clínica son primordiales.
La formación estructurada y la certificación de las habilidades son vitales para una gestión eficaz de la plasmaféresis.

Palabras clave:

Cuidados intensivos Enfermería Habilidades Cuidados intensivos Enfermería Plasmaféresis terapéutica y sus derivados Habilidades Féresis plasmática terapéutica

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