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Ansiedad y depresión en adultos emergentes: el programa STAND como modelo de detección y intervención escalable
Kate Wolitzky-Taylor1, Alainna Wen1, Nelson Freimer1,2
1Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Resumen
Los adultos jóvenes se enfrentan a tasas crecientes de ansiedad y depresión. Un nuevo sistema digital, STAND, ofrece atención personalizada y gradual para superar las barreras y mejorar los resultados de la salud mental.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La psiquiatría
- Psicología
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Los trastornos de ansiedad y depresión son cada vez más frecuentes en los adultos jóvenes (18-25 años).
- Las condiciones de salud mental no tratadas pueden conducir a graves discapacidades sociales, académicas y ocupacionales, y aumentar los riesgos de otros problemas de salud.
- La prevención y el tratamiento son cruciales durante esta etapa del desarrollo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la prevalencia, la cronicidad y el costo de la ansiedad y la depresión en adultos jóvenes.
- Presentar pruebas de las intervenciones psicoterapéuticas y farmacológicas eficaces.
- Describir las barreras a la atención e introducir una solución novedosa para abordar las necesidades de salud mental no satisfechas en esta población.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de la literatura existente sobre ansiedad y depresión en adultos jóvenes.
- Síntesis de pruebas de tratamientos psicoterapéuticos y farmacológicos.
- Descripción de un modelo de cuidado escalonado y con soporte digital: detección y tratamiento de la ansiedad y la depresión (STAND).
Principales resultados:
- Existe una importante necesidad no satisfecha de prevención y tratamiento de la ansiedad y la depresión en adultos jóvenes debido a varias barreras.
- Las intervenciones psicoterapéuticas y farmacológicas muestran eficacia en el manejo de estas condiciones.
- El sistema STAND se propone para personalizar la atención y superar las barreras identificadas.
Conclusiones:
- Abordar la alta prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en los adultos jóvenes requiere enfoques innovadores.
- Los modelos de atención escalonada y estratificada con soporte digital como STAND pueden mejorar el acceso y personalizar el tratamiento.
- Se necesitan más investigaciones para abordar los desafíos en este campo y optimizar las intervenciones.
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