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Diseño e implementación de asesoramiento sobre seguridad de medios letales multidisciplinarios: formación e
Cassandra L Stegall1,2, Brendon Carnell3, Jamie M Golden4
1Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. clstegall92@gmail.com.
Injury epidemiology
|August 29, 2025
Resumen
La implementación de consejería de seguridad de medios letales (LMSC) en entornos de trauma pediátrico mejoró las discusiones sobre el almacenamiento seguro de medicamentos. Se necesitan mejoras adicionales en el asesoramiento sobre seguridad de las armas de fuego para mejorar las estrategias de prevención del suicidio.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Prevención de lesiones pediátricas
- Intervenciones de salud pública
- Estrategias de prevención del suicidio
Sus antecedentes:
- El acceso a medios letales es un factor significativo en la finalización del suicidio.
- El asesoramiento sobre seguridad de medios letales (LMSC) es una estrategia de prevención de lesiones.
- La LMSC no ha sido evaluada previamente en entornos de trauma pediátrico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar e implementar un protocolo LMSC estandarizado para la educación de alta de pacientes pediátricos.
- Para evaluar el LMSC en emergencias, traumas y hospitales psiquiátricos.
- Mejorar la seguridad de los pacientes mediante la educación en prevención de lesiones.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de mejora de la calidad de un solo centro realizado desde julio de 2023 hasta febrero de 2024.
- Implementación de un protocolo LMSC basado en registros médicos electrónicos (EMR), incluidas las preguntas de detección y la capacitación de los proveedores (módulo CALM, vídeo educativo).
- Distribución gratuita de cerraduras de armas por cable y cajas de medicamentos a las familias; encuestas previas y posteriores a la capacitación para los proveedores de atención médica.
Principales resultados:
- Aumento de las discusiones con el cuidador sobre el almacenamiento seguro del medicamento (p=0,029).
- No hay diferencias significativas en las discusiones sobre el almacenamiento seguro de armas de fuego o cuchillos.
- Se observó un aumento de la frecuencia clínica de la distribución de bloqueo de la pistola de cable.
Conclusiones:
- Un protocolo estandarizado de LMSC se implementó con éxito en tres departamentos de hospitales pediátricos.
- Se observaron mejoras en LMSC autoinformadas por los proveedores.
- Las barreras identificadas presentan oportunidades para mejorar la futura atención preventiva del paciente.
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