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Los rasgos de personalidad y las influencias de la organización en la conciencia de seguridad
Fanni Vasvári1, Márta Juhász1, Dalma Geszten1
1Department of Ergonomics and Psychology, Faculty of Ergonomic and Social Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary.
Resumen
Los rasgos de personalidad como el cumplimiento y los factores organizativos como el manejo de errores influyen significativamente en la conciencia de seguridad de los trabajadores físicos. El cumplimiento muestra el mayor efecto indirecto en la promoción de comportamientos más seguros en entornos de alto riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología de la salud en el trabajo
- Ciencia de la seguridad del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- La comprensión de los factores que influyen en la conciencia de seguridad es crucial para las industrias de alto riesgo.
- Los trabajadores físicos en sectores como la electricidad se enfrentan a desafíos de seguridad inherentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar los rasgos clave de la personalidad y los factores organizativos que predicen el comportamiento de conciencia de seguridad.
- Analizar las repercusiones directas e indirectas de estos factores en la conducta de seguridad de los trabajadores físicos.
Principales métodos:
- Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM).
- Datos recogidos de 588 trabajadores físicos de una empresa húngara de electricidad.
Principales resultados:
- Cinco rasgos de personalidad (cumplimiento, autodisciplina, apertura, complejidad cognitiva, fallo cognitivo) afectan directamente la conciencia de seguridad.
- El manejo de errores y un entorno de trabajo positivo influyen indirectamente en el vínculo entre la personalidad y la conciencia de seguridad.
- El cumplimiento demostró el efecto indirecto más fuerte en la conciencia de seguridad; la seguridad percibida no tuvo un impacto significativo.
Conclusiones:
- Los rasgos de personalidad y los factores organizativos específicos son predictores vitales de la conciencia de seguridad.
- Las intervenciones deben tener en cuenta tanto las características individuales como el entorno laboral para mejorar los comportamientos de seguridad.
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