Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

Un pangenoma completo de búfalo de agua revela una amplia variación estructural vinculada a las firmas de selección

Fazeela Arshad^1,2,3, Siddharth Jayaraman¹, Andrea Talenti¹

¹The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.

|August 30, 2025

Resumen

La genómica gráfica avanza en la investigación del búfalo de agua (Bubalus bubalis) mediante la creación de un pangenoma completo. Esto desbloquea una amplia diversidad genómica e identifica variantes clave para mejorar la productividad y la resiliencia del ganado.

Área de la Ciencia:

Genómica comparada
La genómica gráfica
Genética del ganado

Sus antecedentes:

Los búfalos de agua son animales cruciales, pero la caracterización genómica es limitada, especialmente debido a las diferencias de cariotipo de las subespecies.
Los genomas de referencia lineales no logran capturar una amplia variación genómica en especies complejas como el búfalo de agua.
La genómica gráfica ofrece un enfoque prometedor para abordar estas limitaciones, sin embargo, su aplicación en el búfalo de agua sigue siendo en gran medida inexplorada.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un pangenoma completo de búfalo de agua mediante la integración de múltiples conjuntos de genoma de alta calidad.
Aprovechar la genómica gráfica para explorar la diversidad genómica e identificar variantes que afectan a rasgos importantes.
Para demostrar la utilidad de la pangenómica para avanzar en la mejora genética de los búfalos de agua.

Principales métodos:

Generó 4 nuevos conjuntos de búfalos de río y los integró con 8 conjuntos públicos de ambas subespecies.
Construyó un completo pangénoma de búfalo de agua.
Analizó la variación genómica en 711 muestras utilizando el pangénoma para identificar variantes estructurales y barridos selectivos.

Principales resultados:

Se duplicó el número de genomas accesibles de búfalo de alta calidad, proporcionando los conjuntos más contiguos hasta la fecha.
Se descubrió una amplia diversidad genómica, incluidas miles de grandes variantes estructurales (más de 140 Mb) ausentes del genoma de referencia.
Identificaron presuntos indels funcionales y variantes estructurales asociadas con barridos selectivos en genes relacionados con la productividad y la inmunidad en 26 poblaciones.

Conclusiones:

Este estudio demuestra la aplicación exitosa de la genómica gráfica en búfalos de agua, ofreciendo un enfoque transformador para el análisis de genomas complejos.
El pangénoma liberado y las variantes identificadas proporcionan recursos valiosos para acelerar la mejora genética en los búfalos de agua.
Este trabajo mejorará los esfuerzos para aumentar la productividad y la resiliencia de esta especie de ganado económicamente vital.

Palabras clave:

Azikheli también.La ciudad de Nili-Ravi Búfalo de río paquistaní ensamblaje del genoma El nombre de la especie Variación estructural búfalo de agua

Más Videos Relacionados

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Published on: February 10, 2023

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

Gene Duplication and Divergence

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...

Convergent Evolution

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...

Conservation of Small Populations

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...