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La longevidad, la educación y los ingresos: ¿Qué tan grande es el triángulo?
1Department of Economics and Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, 611 Tappan Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220, United States of America.
Journal of health economics
|August 30, 2025
Resumen
El aumento de la longevidad aumenta la educación, pero su impacto en el bienestar general (bienestar) es mínimo. Los modelos económicos muestran que incluso las grandes ganancias educativas de una vida más larga contribuyen con menos del 3% al ingreso en los países de bajos ingresos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Economía de la salud
- Economía del desarrollo
- Teoría del capital humano
Sus antecedentes:
- La salud influye significativamente en el desarrollo económico y el bienestar de la población.
- El
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar el impacto de la
Principales métodos:
- Modelado económico utilizando un enfoque de "triángulo" para representar las ganancias de la reoptimización.
- Estimación de las ganancias de bienestar de los ajustes de la educación en respuesta a la reducción de la mortalidad de los adultos.
- Calibración con estudios empíricos sobre educación y longevidad.
Principales resultados:
- Las ganancias de bienestar del canal de educación (efecto horizonte) son mínimas, típicamente menos del 3% del ingreso para los países de bajos ingresos que hacen la transición a tasas de supervivencia más altas.
- Incluso con las inverosímiles respuestas de la educación a la longevidad, la contribución al bienestar sigue siendo pequeña.
- Utilizando estudios bien identificados, la ganancia estimada de bienestar para un país típico de bajos ingresos es inferior al 1% del ingreso de por vida.
Conclusiones:
- El
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