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Comprensión de los mecanismos de eliminación de nitrógeno de las pilas de combustible microbianas con diferentes

Yifan Sun¹, Zeena Wang¹, Dunzhu Li²

¹Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.

Bioresource technology

|August 30, 2025

Resumen

Las celdas de combustible microbianas de una sola cámara con cátodo de aire eliminan principalmente el amoníaco a través de la nitrificación y desnitrificación simultáneas. Se produce la volatilización del amoníaco, pero no es esencial para la eliminación del nitrógeno en estos sistemas de energía positiva.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del medio ambiente
Microbiología
La electroquímica

Sus antecedentes:

Las pilas de combustible microbianas de catodo de aire de cámara única (SA-MFC) ofrecen una eliminación de nitrógeno positiva para la energía.
Los estudios contradictorios sobre los mecanismos de eliminación del nitrógeno SA-MFC impiden el avance tecnológico.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar y unificar los mecanismos de eliminación del nitrógeno en las SA-MFC.
Para diferenciar entre la volatilización del amoníaco, la oxidación electroquímica y las vías de conversión biológica.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó cátodos de aire convencionales e impresos en 3D.
Utilizó controles de corriente de circuito, inhibidores de nitrificación y análisis de especiación de nitrógeno completo.
Se realizó la secuenciación de ARNr 16S de doble electrodo con BugBase, FAPROTAX y PICRUSt2 para el análisis microbiano y funcional.

Principales resultados:

La volatilización del amoníaco representó sólo el 23-30% de la eliminación de NH4+.
La nitrificación y desnitrificación simultáneas (SND) fue la vía dominante, eliminando el 70-77% del NH4+.
La oxidación electroquímica jugó un papel insignificante en la eliminación de nitrógeno.

Conclusiones:

Se ha establecido que la nitrificación y la desnitrificación simultáneas son el principal mecanismo de eliminación del nitrógeno en las SA-MFC.
Se ha demostrado que la volatilización del amoníaco es un factor menor y no esencial.
Proporcionó una comprensión unificada de la eliminación de nitrógeno en las SA-MFC para guiar el desarrollo futuro.

Palabras clave:

MFC con cátodo de aire La volatilización del amoníaco Vía de eliminación del nitrógeno La nitrificación y desnitrificación simultáneas Tratamiento de aguas residuales

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