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Descifrar los cambios transcriptómicos en el quimio-cerebro: una revisión completa

Tusar Kanta Acharya1, Yuan Pan1,2,3, Peter M Grace1,3

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|August 30, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los trastornos cognitivos inducidos por la quimioterapia (CICI) afectan a los sobrevivientes de cáncer

Palabras clave:
CICI (en inglés)Cerebro de la quimioterapiaLa quimioterapiaDisfunción cognitivaLas transcripciones

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia
  • En el campo de la oncología
  • La genómica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los deterioros cognitivos inducidos por la quimioterapia (CICI), o "quimiocerebro", son un efecto secundario significativo para los sobrevivientes de cáncer.
  • Estas deficiencias afectan la memoria, la multitarea y la calidad de vida en general.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar los mecanismos moleculares del CICI, centrándose en los datos transcriptómicos.
  • Para entender el vínculo entre los agentes de quimioterapia y la disfunción cognitiva.

Principales métodos:

  • Secuenciación de ARN
  • microarrays de ADNc
  • Transcriptómica de una sola célula
  • Transcriptomía espacial

Principales resultados:

  • Los análisis transcriptómicos revelan perfiles alterados de expresión génica en CICI.
  • Los principales mecanismos implicados incluyen la interrupción de la barrera hematoencefálica, la neuroinflamación y el estrés oxidativo.
  • Los agentes de quimioterapia específicos como la doxorubicina, el cisplatino y el paclitaxel están asociados con la CICI.

Conclusiones:

  • La transcriptómica ofrece información crucial sobre la fisiopatología de la CICI.
  • El desarrollo de atlas de una sola célula y la transcriptómica espacial puede revelar la heterogeneidad celular y la dinámica de la expresión génica.
  • La integración de los hallazgos transcriptómicos con datos clínicos es vital para las intervenciones personalizadas para mejorar la salud cognitiva de los sobrevivientes.