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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
Published on: November 14, 2019
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Formación de ARN circulares
Arvind Srinivasan1, Marzena Wojciechowska2
1Department of Rare Diseases, Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Poznan, Poland.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|August 31, 2025
Resumen
Los ARN circulares (circRNAs) son moléculas de ARN únicas formadas por el backsplicing. Su biogénesis involucra elementos de acción cis y proteínas de unión al ARN, que influyen en las funciones celulares.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología molecular
- La genética
- Biología del ARN
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ARN circulares (circRNAs) son moléculas de ARN no lineales formadas a través del backsplicing.
- Se diferencian de los ARN lineales debido a su estructura de bucle cerrado.
- Los circRNA se generan a través de varios mecanismos, incluido el backsplicing directo, el salto de exones y el salto de lariat.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar las variables que influyen en la biogénesis del circRNA.
- Para resaltar los orígenes de diferentes tipos de circRNA en humanos.
- Para aclarar los mecanismos reguladores que rigen la síntesis de circRNA.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre la biogénesis del circRNA.
- Análisis de los elementos de acción cis y los factores de acción trans implicados en la formación de circRNA.
- Examen de las funciones de las combinaciones complementarias inversas (RCM) y las proteínas de unión al ARN (RBPs).
Principales resultados:
- La biogénesis del circRNA está regulada por una compleja interacción de elementos cis-activos y factores trans-activos.
- Las combinaciones complementarias inversas (RCM) facilitan la alineación del sitio de empalme para el empalme posterior.
- Las proteínas de unión al ARN (RBPs) pueden modular la síntesis de circRNA al afectar la eficiencia del backsplicing.
- Existen tres tipos principales de circRNAs: exónicos (EcircRNAs), intrónicos (IcircRNAs) y circRNAs exónico-intrónicos (EIcircRNAs).
Conclusiones:
- La síntesis de circRNA es un proceso estrictamente regulado crucial para las actividades celulares.
- Comprender la biogénesis del circRNA es clave para comprender sus diversas funciones.
- La interacción de elementos genéticos y factores de proteínas da forma al paisaje de la producción de circRNA.
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