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Las células que mueren a través de la vía de muerte regulada dependiente del complejo AP-3 apoyan a las células

Svyatoslav S Sokolov¹, Ekaterina A Smirnova², Natalia A Kireeva²

¹Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia. sviatoslav.sokolov@gmail.com.

Biochemistry. Biokhimiia

|August 31, 2025

Resumen

El calentamiento de las células de levadura a 52 ° C desencadena una vía de muerte programada que libera nutrientes, apoyando a las células sobrevivientes durante el hambre de aminoácidos. Este proceso, dependiente de la descomposición de la membrana lisosómica, ayuda a las poblaciones de levaduras privadas de nutrientes.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología celular
Microbiología
La bioquímica

Sus antecedentes:

Los organismos unicelulares pueden sufrir la muerte celular programada durante el hambre para apoyar a las poblaciones sobrevivientes.
El calentamiento de las células de la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae a 51°C induce una vía específica de muerte celular que implica la descomposición lisosomal y de la membrana plasmática.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el papel de la muerte celular inducida por el calor en el suministro de nutrientes para la levadura hambrienta.
Determinar si la vía de descomposición de la membrana lisosómica es esencial para la liberación de sustancias promotoras del crecimiento.

Principales métodos:

Tratamientos con células de levadura: calentamiento a 52°C, ebullición y uso de mutantes deficientes del complejo AP-3.
Evaluación de la estimulación del crecimiento de las células de levadura vivas bajo deficiencia de aminoácidos.
Espectrofotometría y análisis espectrométrico de masa del medio celular.

Principales resultados:

Las células de levadura muertas por calentamiento a 52°C estimulan significativamente el crecimiento de las células vivas bajo deficiencia de aminoácidos.
Las células mutantes que carecen del complejo AP-3, incapaces de degradar la membrana lisosómica, no apoyaron el crecimiento.
Las células calentadas a 52°C contenían sustancias que absorben a longitudes de onda cortas, lo que sugiere productos de hidrólisis de ácido nucleico.

Conclusiones:

La muerte celular inducida por el calor en la levadura, específicamente a través de la hidrólisis de la membrana lisosómica, libera compuestos que apoyan a las células sobrevivientes durante la inanición de nitrógeno.
El complejo AP-3 es crucial para este mecanismo de intercambio de nutrientes.
Es probable que los productos de hidrólisis del ácido nucleico sean responsables de promover el crecimiento de las células de levadura sobrevivientes.

Palabras clave:

El complejo AP-3 hambre de nitrógeno muerte celular programada el vacío levadura y levadura

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