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La neurociencia de la percepción de la música: una revisión narrativa
Renan Barros Domingues1,2, Luísa Aires Domingues1, Victor Rebelo Procaci3
1Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria
|August 31, 2025
Resumen
Esta revisión explora la neurociencia de la percepción musical, detallando los circuitos cerebrales para el procesamiento de la música y las condiciones neurológicas asociadas. Examina cómo el cerebro decodifica la música y el impacto de enfermedades como el Alzheimer
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Ciencias cognitivas
- Psicología de la música
Sus antecedentes:
- La percepción musical implica interacciones complejas entre múltiples regiones corticales y subcorticales del cerebro.
- Comprender estas vías neuronales es crucial para diagnosticar y tratar trastornos que afectan el procesamiento de la música.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para revisar el entendimiento actual de la neurociencia de la percepción musical.
- Explorar los circuitos cerebrales involucrados en el procesamiento de la melodía, la armonía y el ritmo.
- Examinar las condiciones patológicas que afectan la percepción musical y su relación con las enfermedades neurológicas.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de los estudios de neuroimagen estructural y funcional.
- Análisis de la investigación neuropsicológica y neurofisiológica.
- Incluir los hallazgos clínicos relacionados con los déficits de percepción de la música.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó redes neuronales integradas para el procesamiento de elementos musicales.
- Detalló la participación de regiones específicas del cerebro en la decodificación e interpretación de la música.
- Destacó el vínculo entre las anormalidades de la percepción musical y las condiciones neurológicas como la epilepsia y la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
Conclusiones:
- El cerebro transforma las señales musicales auditivas en experiencias significativas a través de un complejo procesamiento neural.
- Las deficiencias neurológicas pueden afectar significativamente la percepción musical, ya sea de forma aislada o junto con otros déficits.
- La investigación adicional que integra los datos de neuroimagen y los datos clínicos es esencial para una comprensión completa.
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