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Impacto de los agonistas del receptor GLP-1 en el comportamiento suicida: un metanálisis basado en ensayos
Jingqi Chen1, Qiufeng Zhang1, Qingping Wu1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China.
Journal of diabetes
|September 1, 2025
Resumen
Los agonistas de los receptores de péptido 1 similares al glucagón (ARGLP-1) no muestran una asociación significativa con el comportamiento suicida en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) u obesidad. Este metanálisis de 25 ECA no encontró un aumento del riesgo en varios subgrupos y tipos de AR GLP-1.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Endocrinología
- La psiquiatría
- Farmacovigilancia de las sustancias
Sus antecedentes:
- Los agonistas de los receptores de péptido 1 similares al glucagón (ARGLP-1) se utilizan ampliamente para el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) y la obesidad.
- Se han planteado preocupaciones con respecto a las posibles asociaciones entre el uso de GLP-1 RA y el comportamiento suicida.
- Se necesitan pruebas sólidas para aclarar este riesgo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Realizar un metanálisis que evalúe la asociación entre la exposición a la AR GLP-1 y la incidencia de comportamiento suicida.
- Evaluar esta asociación en poblaciones de pacientes con DM2 y/o obesidad.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura en las principales bases de datos electrónicas (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov).
- Se incluyeron datos de 25 ensayos controlados aleatorios (ECA).
- Se calcularon los ratios de riesgo (RR) y los intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC del 95%) para cuantificar la asociación.
Principales resultados:
- El metanálisis general no reveló diferencias significativas en la incidencia de comportamiento suicida entre la AR GLP-1 y los grupos de control (RR = 0,84, IC del 95%: 0,54 a 1,32, p = 0,46).
- Los análisis de subgrupos estratificados por condición (DM2, obesidad), edad (adolescentes, adultos), reacciones adversas específicas del GLP- 1 y comparador (placebo) tampoco mostraron asociaciones significativas.
- No se observaron diferencias significativas para tipos específicos de comportamiento suicida, incluida la ideación, los intentos, los suicidios relacionados con la depresión y los suicidios completados.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos sugieren que el uso de AR GLP- 1 no está asociado significativamente con un mayor riesgo de comportamiento suicida en pacientes con DM2 o obesidad.
- Los resultados proporcionan tranquilidad con respecto al perfil de seguridad de los AR GLP-1 en relación con el comportamiento suicida.
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