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Juegos virtuales cognitivos y cortisol: una revisión sistemática basada en el prisma
Santiago David Vásquez-Hidalgo1, Lorrane Ribeiro de Souza1, Bruno da Silva Santos2
1Neuroscience Program of the Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy
|September 1, 2025
Resumen
Los juegos cognitivos virtuales tienen un efecto complejo sobre el estrés. Algunos juegos aumentan los niveles de cortisol, mientras que otros los disminuyen, dependiendo de factores como la edad y el género.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicofisiología
- Interacción hombre-computadora
- Ciencias cognitivas
Sus antecedentes:
- El juego es una actividad popular en todo el mundo con millones de usuarios.
- La investigación existente vincula los juegos y la competencia con las respuestas fisiológicas al estrés.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente el vínculo entre los juegos virtuales cognitivos y las respuestas al estrés.
- Investigar la compleja interacción entre los juegos cognitivos virtuales y la dinámica del cortisol.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA.
- Se ha buscado en cinco bases de datos (EMBASE, PubMed, PsycInfo, SCOPUS, Web of Science).
- Se utilizó la estrategia PICO y un protocolo predefinido registrado en PROSPERO.
Principales resultados:
- Incluido 30 estudios empíricos que analizan 39 juegos cognitivos.
- 14 estudios mostraron un aumento de los niveles de cortisol después de jugar.
- 12 estudios mostraron disminución de los niveles de cortisol; 4 mostraron resultados mixtos basados en variables como el sexo y la edad.
Conclusiones:
- Los juegos cognitivos virtuales exhiben efectos inductores y aliviadores del estrés.
- La relación entre el juego y la modulación del cortisol es compleja y multifacética.
- Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de una comprensión matizada del impacto psicofisiológico de los juegos.
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