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Evaluación de los cambios ambientales térmicos de una ciudad semiárida utilizando un enfoque de LCZ multi-temporal:
Labani Saha1, Avdhut Patil1, Amit Dhorde2
1Department of Geography, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|September 1, 2025
Resumen
La urbanización en Pune aumentó significativamente las áreas construidas y disminuyó la cobertura de tierra natural entre 2005 y 2020. Esta transformación condujo a cambios notables en la temperatura de la superficie de la tierra (LST), impactando el entorno térmico de la ciudad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Clima urbano
- Detección remota
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
Sus antecedentes:
- La rápida urbanización presenta desafíos para crear ciudades inclusivas, seguras, resilientes y sostenibles.
- Comprender el impacto de la expansión urbana en los entornos térmicos locales es crucial para una planificación urbana efectiva.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Mapear las Zonas Climáticas Locales (LCZ) en la India por primera vez utilizando datos multi-temporales.
- Evaluar el crecimiento espacial y temporal urbano de Pune durante dos décadas (2005-2020).
- Analizar el impacto de la expansión urbana en el entorno térmico de la ciudad, específicamente la temperatura de la superficie terrestre (LST).
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó datos de satélite multi-temporales para mapear las ZLC.
- Se analizaron los cambios en la cobertura de la tierra, centrándose en la transformación de las áreas construidas y naturales.
- Cambios cuantificados en el LST en diferentes tipos de ZLC y transformaciones de la cubierta terrestre.
Principales resultados:
- Pune experimentó una expansión urbana significativa, con el área construida aumentando del 31% al 68.3% y la cobertura de tierra natural disminuyendo del 69% al 31.7% entre 2005 y 2020.
- La temperatura de la superficie terrestre (LST) mostró cambios significativos: una disminución de 0,2°C/año durante el día y un aumento de 0,1°C/año durante la noche.
- La conversión de tierras estériles naturales en áreas construidas, especialmente en zonas industriales, dio lugar a aumentos sustanciales de LST (hasta 0,8 °C / año durante el día).
- Los lechos de ríos secos también mostraron un aumento de LST, mientras que los programas de plantación indicaron un efecto de enfriamiento.
Conclusiones:
- Los cambios en el LST dependen en gran medida del tipo de LCZ y de su transformación de la cubierta terrestre.
- Las zonas periféricas de Pune están experimentando cambios térmicos rápidos y significativos.
- Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones críticas para la política urbana y la planificación urbana sostenible.
Palabras clave:
El LSTZonas climáticas locales multi-temporalesClima semiáridoAnálisis de las tendenciasLa UHIMás Videos Relacionados
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