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Explorando los impactos del entrenamiento a intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) en personas que viven con VIH: una

Euripedes Barsanulfo Gonçalves Gomide^1,2, Igor Massari Correia^3,4, Chimenny Auluã Lascas Cardoso Moraes^3,4

¹Claretiano - University Center, São Paulo, Brazil. educabacharel@claretiano.edu.br.

AIDS and behavior

|September 1, 2025

Resumen

El entrenamiento a intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) es prometedor para las personas con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (PWH). El ejercicio mejoró la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (CRF) y los marcadores inmunológicos, lo que sugiere que el HIIT beneficia la salud en general en PWH.

Área de la Ciencia:

Fisiología del ejercicio
Inmunología
Salud pública

Sus antecedentes:

Las personas con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (PWH) experimentan problemas de salud como una capacidad cardiorrespiratoria reducida (CRF), enfermedades cardiovasculares y envejecimiento acelerado.
El ejercicio físico, especialmente el entrenamiento a intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT), es una intervención potencial para abordar estos problemas de salud.

Objetivo del estudio:

Llevar a cabo una revisión de alcance que mapee las pruebas existentes sobre los efectos de HIIT en PWH.
Identificar y sintetizar los hallazgos de los estudios que investigan las intervenciones HIIT en esta población.

Principales métodos:

Búsquedas realizadas en febrero de 2024 a través de seis bases de datos principales y literatura gris.
Selección sistemática de títulos, resúmenes y textos completos por parte de dos revisores independientes.
Se incluyeron tres estudios: un ensayo preexperimental, un estudio piloto cruzado aleatorio y una intervención no aleatoria.

Principales resultados:

Los estudios incluidos incluyeron participantes con una edad media de 41,5 años.
Las intervenciones de HIIT se asociaron con mejoras en el recuento de linfocitos T CD4+.
HIIT demostró efectos positivos en el pico de VO2 y en la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria (CRF).

Conclusiones:

La evidencia actual sugiere que el HIIT es una estrategia de ejercicio potencialmente beneficiosa para la PWH.
El HIIT puede contribuir a mejorar los marcadores clave de salud, incluida la función inmunológica y la aptitud física, en las personas que viven con el VIH.

Palabras clave:

Artículo 4 El HIIT El VIH La salud Actividad física El ejercicio físico

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