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Hacer frente al duelo del suicidio: un estudio de grupos focales sobre los procesos de adaptación a lo largo del

Clémence Jacquet^1,2, Geoffrey Gauvin^1,2, Edouard Leaune^3,4

¹Psychopathology and Change Processes Laboratory, University of Paris 8, Saint-Denis, France.

|September 1, 2025

Resumen

Las personas afligidas por el suicidio navegan el dolor a través de estrategias iniciales de supervivencia y posterior reestructuración de la vida y la identidad. Este viaje implica buscar un significado y adaptarse a la pérdida con el tiempo.

Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología
Estudios sobre el duelo
Sociología

Sus antecedentes:

El duelo por el suicidio presenta desafíos únicos.
La comprensión de los mecanismos de afrontamiento a largo plazo es crucial para el apoyo.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para explorar los recursos de afrontamiento utilizados por las personas en duelo por suicidio.
Para examinar la evolución temporal de estos procesos de afrontamiento.

Principales métodos:

Estudio cualitativo en el que participaron 21 personas en duelo por suicidio durante al menos 14 meses.
Se llevaron a cabo cinco grupos focales semiestructurados.
Se utilizó un análisis temático para identificar los temas clave y las dinámicas temporales.

Principales resultados:

Surgieron dos fases distintas de afrontamiento: estrategias iniciales de supervivencia (rutinas, apoyo social, búsqueda de información) y posterior reestructuración (reorganización de la vida, redefinición de la identidad, remodelación de los vínculos).
Momentos emocionalmente significativos como los aniversarios fueron identificados como desafiantes pero potencialmente significativos.
El dolor después del suicidio es complejo, no lineal, y se desarrolla multidimensionalmente con el tiempo.

Conclusiones:

El duelo por el suicidio es un proceso dinámico, no lineal.
El apoyo clínico a los sobrevivientes de la pérdida por suicidio debe ser flexible y adaptarse a las necesidades cambiantes.
Los hallazgos ofrecen información sobre las experiencias vividas por los sobrevivientes de pérdidas por suicidio.

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