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La asociación entre los patrones de consumo excesivo y la depresión: un estudio transversal en estudiantes
Go Saito1, Hisashi Yoshimoto2, Ayumi Takayashiki3
1Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Neuropsychopharmacology reports
|September 1, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio encontró que los estudiantes universitarios japoneses que beben alcohol en exceso tienen menos probabilidades de estar deprimidos. Se necesita más investigación para explorar esta relación inversa en diversas poblaciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La psiquiatría
- Epidemiología
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El vínculo entre la depresión y el consumo de alcohol carece de confirmación, especialmente en las poblaciones universitarias asiáticas.
- Los estudios a gran escala que investigan esta asociación entre los estudiantes universitarios asiáticos son escasos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar la correlación entre el consumo excesivo de alcohol y la depresión.
- Para investigar esta relación en estudiantes japoneses de pregrado y posgrado.
Principales métodos:
- Un cuestionario autoadministrado evaluó la frecuencia de consumo de alcohol, la cantidad, el consumo excesivo de alcohol y la depresión utilizando la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos.
- Se analizaron datos de 4535 estudiantes (2775 hombres, 1760 mujeres) de más de 20 años de dos universidades japonesas (abril de 2019 a enero de 2020).
- Se utilizó un análisis de regresión logística para determinar la asociación, ajustando las variables relevantes.
Principales resultados:
- De los 4535 estudiantes, 1474 (32,5%) informaron de depresión.
- Los bebedores excesivos fueron 1076 hombres (66,3%) y 548 mujeres (33,7%).
- La depresión mostró una asociación inversa con el consumo excesivo de alcohol (odds ratio 0,59 [0,36-0,98]) después de los ajustes.
Conclusiones:
- Existe una asociación negativa entre el consumo excesivo de alcohol y la depresión en los estudiantes universitarios japoneses.
- Este hallazgo contrasta con algunas investigaciones anteriores y destaca un patrón único en este grupo demográfico.
- Las investigaciones adicionales deberían explorar la edad y la raza como factores en la relación alcohol-depresión.
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