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Estudio sobre el desarrollo de las fracturas y las características de fallo de los estratos superpuestos de la
Baoyan Zhi1, Rui Guo1, Gang Guo1
1China Coal Shanxi Yulin Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., Yulin, 719000, Shanxi, China.
Scientific reports
|September 1, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio analizó el colapso por sobrecarga y el desarrollo de fisuras en las minas de Guizhou. Los hallazgos revelan distintos patrones de colapso y evolución de las fracturas influenciadas por las secuencias mineras y las fallas geológicas, cruciales para la extracción segura de carbón.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería Minera
- Ingeniería geotécnica
- Mecánica de las rocas
Sus antecedentes:
- Las operaciones mineras de carbón en la provincia de Guizhou presentan desafíos complejos.
- Comprender el comportamiento de la sobrecarga es fundamental para la seguridad y la eficiencia de la mina.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la distribución espacial del colapso por sobrecarga durante la minería.
- Investigar el desarrollo y la evolución de las fisuras inducidas por la minería.
- Proporcionar una base teórica para el desarrollo de minas de carbón seguras.
Principales métodos:
- Experimentos de simulación similares y simulaciones numéricas combinadas.
- Análisis de la morfología del colapso por sobrecarga y desarrollo de fisuras.
- Distribución de las fracturas espacio-temporales cuantificada utilizando la dimensión fractal.
Principales resultados:
- La minería de la capa superior de carbón dio lugar a colapso trapezoidal y etapas de fractura distintas sin influencia de falla.
- La minería de la costra inferior del carbón, afectada por fallas inversas, mostró un colapso asimétrico y fisuras discontinuas con una intensa presión periódica.
- La minería repetida condujo a un mayor desplazamiento y hundimiento en la capa de carbón inferior en comparación con la superior.
Conclusiones:
- El colapso por sobrecarga y el desarrollo de fisuras están significativamente influenciados por las secuencias mineras y las estructuras geológicas (fallas).
- La evolución de la fractura sigue un patrón predecible de formación, desarrollo y cierre.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen una base teórica para garantizar prácticas de minería de carbón seguras en entornos geológicamente similares.
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