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El comportamiento de intercambio de niños de kindergarten y cuarto grado en diferentes condiciones
Hüseyin Kotaman1, Seval Ördek İnceoğlu2
1Harran University, Early Childhood Education, Harran Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, Temel Eğitim Bölümü, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
Resumen
El comportamiento de intercambio de los niños difiere según la interacción social. Las niñas compartieron más con un bromista / maestro en vivo, mientras que los niños compartieron más al ver videos, lo que indica que el contexto influye en el altruismo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología del desarrollo
- Psicología social
Sus antecedentes:
- El costoso comportamiento de compartir de los niños es un aspecto clave del desarrollo social.
- Comprender los factores que influyen en los comportamientos altruistas en los niños es crucial para la investigación de la cognición social.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si el intercambio costoso de los niños varía según el contexto de interacción social (cara a cara vs. video).
- Examinar cómo los diferentes roles sociales (bromista frente a maestro) y los grupos de edad (kindergarten frente a cuarto grado) afectan los comportamientos de intercambio.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo dos estudios en los que participaron niños que interactuaban con recopiladores de datos (un bromista y un profesor).
- El estudio 1 incluyó interacciones cara a cara; El estudio 2 incluyó niños que vieron videos de los recopiladores de datos.
- Los comportamientos de intercambio se midieron como intercambio costoso, donde los niños renunciaron a los recursos.
Principales resultados:
- En el Estudio 1 (cara a cara), las niñas compartieron significativamente más que los niños.
- En el Estudio 2 (video), los niños de cuarto grado compartieron más que los niños de jardín de infantes.
- La participación de las niñas disminuyó significativamente en el Estudio 2 en comparación con el Estudio 1, compartiendo menos que los niños.
Conclusiones:
- El comportamiento de intercambio costoso de los niños es sensible al modo de interacción social (directo vs. mediado).
- Las diferencias de edad y género en el comportamiento de intercambio están influenciadas por el contexto social y el papel social percibido del socio de interacción.
- El cambio de cara a cara a la interacción por video alteró significativamente los patrones de intercambio, especialmente para las niñas y los niños más pequeños.
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