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Proteína relacionada con el rizado secretada 4 (sFRP4) en el cáncer: doble papel en la tumorigénesis y potencial
Yu Jiang1, Luyao Wang2, Yerong Li2
1Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Biomolecules & biomedicine
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
La proteína 4 secreta relacionada con el rizado (sFRP4) tiene una doble función en el cáncer, actuando como supresor o promotor de tumores mediante la modulación de la vía de señalización Wnt. Comprender sus funciones complejas es clave para desarrollar terapias dirigidas contra el cáncer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Biología molecular
- La bioquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- La proteína secreta relacionada con el rizado 4 (sFRP4) es un regulador clave de la vía de señalización sin alas / integrada (Wnt).
- sFRP4 posee dominios funcionales distintos: un dominio rico en cisteína (CRD) y un dominio similar a la netrina (NTR).
- La vía Wnt es crucial para los procesos celulares, incluida la proliferación, la diferenciación y la homeostasis de los tejidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar una revisión completa de las funciones dualistas de sFRP4 en el cáncer.
- Para resaltar las funciones supresoras y promotoras de tumores de sFRP4 y sus mecanismos moleculares subyacentes.
- Explorar el potencial terapéutico de dirigirse a sFRP4 en oncología.
Principales métodos:
- Búsqueda sistemática de la literatura de las bases de datos de PubMed y Web of Science (1996-2025).
- Se incluyen 47 estudios que incluyen datos clínicos, modelos celulares in vitro y sistemas experimentales in vivo.
- Análisis de los mecanismos moleculares, incluida la hipermetilación del promotor, la represión del microARN (miARN) y las modificaciones posteriores a la traducción.
Principales resultados:
- sFRP4 con frecuencia actúa como supresor tumoral al secuestrar los ligandos Wnt, inhibiendo la angiogénesis y aumentando la quimiosensibilidad.
- La desregulación de sFRP4 a menudo está mediada por la hipermetilación del promotor o la represión del miRNA.
- En ciertos cánceres (gastrointestinales, de próstata), el sFRP4 se regula al alza, promoviendo la activación de Wnt, la invasión, el tallo y la quimiorresistencia.
Conclusiones:
- sFRP4 exhibe funciones duales dependientes del contexto en la tumorigénesis, actuando como supresor o promotor de tumores.
- Los mecanismos reguladores, como las modificaciones posteriores a la traducción y la localización nuclear, influyen en la función de sFRP4.
- La orientación de sFRP4 presenta desafíos y oportunidades para nuevas terapias contra el cáncer, con estrategias potenciales que incluyen proteínas recombinantes y entrega de nanopartículas.
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