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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Reconstrucción de la red de toxicidad de la sepsis: señalización dinámica y lesión multiorgánica: una revisión
Biomolecules & biomedicine
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
La sepsis implica toxicidad sistémica compleja y desregulación inmune que causa daño a los órganos. El modelado de redes y la integración multiómica pueden identificar nodos tóxicos críticos y predecir la progresión de la sepsis para un tratamiento personalizado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología de sistemas
- Inmunología
- Biología computacional
Sus antecedentes:
- La sepsis es una condición potencialmente mortal caracterizada por inflamación sistémica, desregulación inmune y lesión de varios órganos.
- Los mecanismos clave incluyen el estrés oxidativo, la muerte celular programada (apoptosis, piroptosis, ferroptosis) y la reprogramación metabólica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar la evolución de las vías de señalización dentro y entre los órganos durante la sepsis.
- Evaluar la utilidad de la integración multiómica y el modelado de redes para identificar nodos tóxicos y predecir la progresión de la enfermedad.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una revisión narrativa de los estudios mecanicistas (2015-2025) de PubMed, Web of Science y Scopus.
- Complementado con la selección de la bibliografía, excluyendo el trabajo no mecanicista y los informes de casos.
Principales resultados:
- La sepsis implica una red sistémica dinámica con transiciones de inflamación a inmunosupresión y lesión específica de órganos.
- La comunicación entre órganos se produce a través de patrones moleculares asociados a daños (DAMP), exosomas y metabolitos.
- Los modelos computacionales como las redes Bayesianas dinámicas (DBN) y las redes neuronales de gráficos (GNN) identifican los centros regulatorios y ayudan a la previsión.
Conclusiones:
- La sepsis puede considerarse como una red de toxicidad sistémica en etapas temporales.
- La multiomía, el modelado DBN / GNN y el apoyo a la toma de decisiones habilitado por IA ofrecen un marco para la atención individualizada de la sepsis basada en mecanismos.
- Se requiere una validación rigurosa para garantizar la aplicabilidad clínica de estos enfoques avanzados.
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