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Navegadores laicos de la salud: una iniciativa para orientar a los miembros de la comunidad hacia el cribado del
Mikhalya Brown1, Tatiana Ramirez2, Maryam Mohammed-Norgan3
1Quinnipiac University, Frank H Netter MD School of Medicine, North Haven, CT 06473, United States.
Health education research
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Los navegantes laicos de salud (LHNs) mejoraron el conocimiento sobre el cáncer de pulmón y guiaron con éxito a los miembros de la comunidad en riesgo a la detección de tomografía computarizada de baja dosis (LDCT), abordando las disparidades en la atención del cáncer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Prevención del cáncer
- Disparidades en materia de salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La incidencia del cáncer de pulmón y la mortalidad son desproporcionadamente más altas entre las personas de color en los EE.UU.
- Los esfuerzos existentes de educación sobre el cáncer se adaptaron para crear una presentación específica para el cáncer de pulmón.
- Las barreras no clínicas, como el transporte, dificultan el acceso al cribado por tomografía computarizada de baja dosis (LDCT).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y evaluar un programa de educación y navegación sobre el cáncer de pulmón utilizando navegadores de salud (LHN).
- Abordar las disparidades en el cribado del cáncer de pulmón entre las comunidades en riesgo.
- Evaluar la eficacia de los miembros de la comunidad como navegantes para el cribado de PMA.
Principales métodos:
- Se formó y evaluó a estudiantes voluntarios representativos desde el punto de vista cultural y lingüístico.
- Los LHN dieron presentaciones educativas sobre el cáncer de pulmón a los miembros de la comunidad.
- Los LHN abordaron las barreras no clínicas para facilitar el acceso al cribado de LDCT.
Principales resultados:
- Los LHN demostraron mejoras estadísticamente significativas en el conocimiento del cáncer (P < 0,01) y la confianza (P < 0,05).
- 41 presentaciones educativas llegaron a 1966 miembros de la comunidad en la ciudad de Nueva York.
- El 57% de los individuos elegibles fueron orientados con éxito a la evaluación de LDCT por parte de los LHN.
Conclusiones:
- Los navegadores de la salud pueden mejorar efectivamente el conocimiento sobre el cáncer y facilitar el acceso al cribado.
- Los programas de navegación basados en la comunidad muestran potencial para reducir las disparidades de detección del cáncer.
- Este programa apoya el uso de profesionales no sanitarios en la navegación del paciente para el cribado del cáncer.
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