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Método de filtrado de la forma de onda de la emisión acústica basado en el autoencoder y la red neuronal BP
Shunli Jiang1, Kangpei Zheng2, Jinghui Jv3
1School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, China.
The Review of scientific instruments
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio introduce una red neuronal de autocodificación y retropropagación para filtrar las señales de emisión acústica (AE), mejorar la separación del ruido y mejorar la precisión del monitoreo de la salud estructural en estructuras de hormigón.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Procesamiento de señales
Sus antecedentes:
- La superposición de la señal de emisión acústica (AE) complica el análisis preciso.
- La reducción efectiva del ruido es crucial para un control fiable de la salud de las estructuras (SHM).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y evaluar un nuevo método de filtrado de la forma de onda para la separación de la señal AE.
- Mejorar la precisión de la localización de fuentes de AE en estructuras concretas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un autocodificador combinado con una red neuronal de retropropagación (BP) para el filtrado de señales.
- Validación del modelo mediante experimentos de ruptura de plomo y simulaciones numéricas.
Principales resultados:
- El modelo de red neuronal autoencoder-BP logró una alta precisión de clasificación: 96% para las señales AE y 98% para el ruido.
- Los datos filtrados mejoraron significativamente la precisión de localización de las fuentes de AE.
Conclusiones:
- El método de procesamiento de señales AE propuesto separa efectivamente las señales AE del ruido.
- Esta técnica ofrece un potencial significativo para mejorar el control de la seguridad en estructuras de hormigón.
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