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"Complicaciones quirúrgicas de la reparación del paladar después de la cirugía del colgajo miomucosal"
Percy Rossell-Perry1,2, Carolina Romero-Narvaez3
1Health of Science Faculty, School of Human Medicine, Peruvian University Union (UpeU), Lima, Peru.
The Journal of craniofacial surgery
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
El colgajo buccinador musculomucosal es una opción viable para la reparación del paladar hendido, pero las complicaciones como la dehiscencia del colgajo y la necrosis son comunes y requieren estrategias de prevención cuidadosas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cirugía plástica
- Cirugía craneofacial
- Otorrinolaringología
Sus antecedentes:
- El colgajo buccinador musculomucosal se utiliza cada vez más para las deformidades secundarias del paladar hendido.
- Pocos estudios documentan las complicaciones postoperatorias de esta técnica.
- Este estudio presenta una serie de casos de complicaciones asociadas con el colgajo buccinador.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para describir las complicaciones quirúrgicas del colgajo buccinador en la reparación del paladar hendido.
- Evaluar la incidencia de complicaciones postoperatorias después de la cirugía del colgajo buccinador.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio retrospectivo de resultados de 42 pacientes sometidos a cirugía de colgajo buccinador desde 2017 hasta 2024.
- Los pacientes presentaron secuelas después de la reparación primaria del paladar hendido, incluyendo fístulas, necrosis del colgajo o insuficiencia velofaríngea.
- Revisión de la literatura sobre complicaciones postoperatorias hasta noviembre de 2024.
Principales resultados:
- Las secuelas más comunes tratadas fueron la insuficiencia velofaríngea (50%), la fístula palatina (26,19%) y la necrosis del colgajo mucoperiósteo (23,8%).
- Las complicaciones postoperatorias incluyeron dehiscencia del colgajo (30,95%) y necrosis parcial del colgajo (19,04%).
Conclusiones:
- El colgajo buccinador es una alternativa útil para reconstruir las secuelas del paladar hendido.
- Las posibles complicaciones asociadas con el colgajo buccinador no son raras y requieren medidas preventivas.
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