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Mayor viscosidad y rigidez de la pared arterial central en hombres jóvenes entrenados con resistencia
Hiroshi Kawano1, Nobuhiro Nakamura2, Kumpei Tanisawa2
1Faculty of Letters, Kokushikan University, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Physiological reports
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
El entrenamiento de resistencia aumenta la viscosidad de la pared arterial y reduce el cumplimiento arterial en hombres jóvenes. Este estudio encontró una mayor viscosidad y un menor cumplimiento en individuos entrenados en resistencia en comparación con los controles sedentarios.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología cardiovascular
- Ciencia del ejercicio
- Ingeniería biomédica
Sus antecedentes:
- Se sabe que el entrenamiento de resistencia disminuye el cumplimiento arterial.
- El impacto del entrenamiento de resistencia en la viscosidad de la pared arterial no se comprende bien.
- La comprensión de la viscosidad de la pared arterial es crucial para evaluar la distribución de energía pulsativa cardiovascular.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar si los hombres entrenados en resistencia exhiben una mayor viscosidad de la pared arterial.
- Para comparar la viscosidad de la pared arterial y el cumplimiento entre hombres entrenados en resistencia y controles sedentarios.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio transversal en el que participaron 28 hombres jóvenes (18-25 años).
- 12 hombres entrenados en resistencia y 16 controles sedentarios no entrenados.
- Las mediciones incluyeron la viscosidad de la pared arterial, el cumplimiento arterial, la presión arterial, la absorción máxima de oxígeno y las características del ventrículo izquierdo.
Principales resultados:
- Los hombres entrenados en resistencia demostraron una viscosidad arterial significativamente mayor (p=0,010) y un menor cumplimiento arterial (p=0,003) en comparación con los controles.
- Se observó un índice de rigidez beta elevado en el grupo de entrenamiento de resistencia (p=0,015).
- Los hombres entrenados en resistencia tenían una presión arterial sistólica y una presión del pulso carotídea más altas, y mostraban hipertrofia ventricular izquierda concéntrica.
Conclusiones:
- El entrenamiento de resistencia se asocia con un aumento de la viscosidad de la pared arterial central.
- El entrenamiento de resistencia reduce el cumplimiento arterial en hombres jóvenes.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan las posibles alteraciones en las propiedades vasculares debidas al ejercicio de resistencia.
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