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Integridad electoral mejorada por blockchain: un modelo robusto para sistemas de votación digital seguros en Omán
Abdul Shaikh1, Naresh Adhikari2, Amril Nazir3
1Information Systems, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Muscat Governorate, 123, Oman.
F1000Research
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
La tecnología Blockchain mejora la integridad y seguridad electorales en Omán
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la computación
- Seguridad de la información
- Ciencias políticas
Sus antecedentes:
- Los sistemas electorales digitales y automatizados se enfrentan a importantes desafíos de seguridad y confiabilidad.
- Garantizar la integridad del voto digital es crucial para los sistemas democráticos en todo el mundo.
- Este estudio aborda las vulnerabilidades en los sistemas electorales digitales a través de un nuevo modelo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar un modelo simplificado para mejorar la integridad electoral utilizando la tecnología Blockchain.
- Adaptar Blockchain para el sistema de votación digital de Omán para crear un entorno seguro.
- Abordar las principales vulnerabilidades inherentes a los sistemas electorales digitales actuales.
Principales métodos:
- Enfoque cuantitativo con diseño experimental utilizando simulaciones de software de código abierto.
- Utilizó datos de población sintéticos y autenticación biométrica avanzada para la verificación de votantes.
- Aprovechó la tecnología Blockchain y los contratos inteligentes para el registro y la autenticación de votos seguros, con transacciones sincrónicas para el registro y la votación.
Principales resultados:
- Blockchain mejora significativamente la integridad y la seguridad electorales en el sistema de votación digital de Omán.
- El modelo mejora la transparencia, la confiabilidad, la eficiencia y la escalabilidad de las elecciones.
- Las transacciones asincrónicas se utilizaron para optimizar los tiempos de procesamiento, y los nodos de Ethereum aseguraron la verificación descentralizada.
Conclusiones:
- Blockchain ofrece una solución viable para las reformas electorales, mejorando la integridad de los datos y la prevención del fraude.
- La aplicación requiere un marco regulatorio sólido, concienciación pública y proyectos piloto.
- Omán tiene el potencial de ser pionero en la innovación de la tecnología electoral, la gestión de la infraestructura y los desafíos de aceptación pública.
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