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Una investigación sobre el estado psicológico y los factores de influencia entre los residentes que se someten a una
Zhenhua Liu1, Haoyuan Zhang2,3,4, Yufei Zhang5
1School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Frontiers in medicine
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Un porcentaje significativo de médicos residentes chinos experimentan angustia psicológica, con factores como una formación más larga y una asociación que aumentan el riesgo. La residencia urbana y la licencia médica son protectoras.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Educación médica
- La psiquiatría
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La salud mental de los médicos es una preocupación global, sin embargo, el bienestar psicológico de los médicos residentes en China no ha sido estudiado.
- Este estudio aborda la necesidad urgente de evaluar la salud mental entre esta población en China.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el estado de salud mental de los médicos residentes en China.
- Identificar los factores demográficos y profesionales relacionados con los síntomas psiquiátricos en este grupo.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una encuesta transversal a 276 médicos residentes en el Hospital Qilu de la Universidad de Shandong.
- Se utilizó la Lista de verificación de síntomas-90 (SCL-90) para evaluar la angustia psicológica, con criterios específicos para el cribado positivo.
- Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron pruebas t, pruebas chi-cuadrado y regresión logística binaria.
Principales resultados:
- El 20,1% de los residentes dieron positivo en la detección de síntomas psiquiátricos, mostrando puntuaciones elevadas en comparación con la población general en varias áreas (por ejemplo, depresión, ansiedad).
- Los años de entrenamiento más largos y tener una pareja se asociaron con mayores probabilidades de síntomas psiquiátricos.
- La residencia urbana, el ser hijo único y la posesión de una licencia médica fueron identificados como factores protectores.
Conclusiones:
- Los médicos residentes chinos se enfrentan a una carga sustancial de angustia psicológica.
- Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de intervenciones específicas en materia de salud mental, de mejorar las condiciones de trabajo y de reforzar los sistemas de apoyo profesional.
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