Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Sep 9, 2025
07:30
Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
Published on: August 18, 2020
6.8K
Trastornos mentales y participación penal: pruebas de una encuesta epidemiológica de diagnóstico nacional
Jeffrey W Swanson1, Madeline Stenger1, Michele M Easter1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
PLOS mental health
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Los trastornos de salud mental prevalecen en los adultos involucrados en el sistema judicial penal. El estudio encontró que casi 4 de cada 10 personas con participación legal en el año pasado tenían un trastorno mental, con las tasas más altas entre los adultos encarcelados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La psiquiatría
- Criminología
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Un gran número de adultos con trastornos mentales están involucrados con el sistema legal criminal de los Estados Unidos.
- No hay datos sobre la prevalencia de diagnósticos psiquiátricos específicos en esta población.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la prevalencia a lo largo de la vida de trastornos del espectro de la esquizofrenia y la prevalencia en el último año de otros trastornos mentales específicos entre los adultos involucrados en el sistema judicial penal.
- Comparar la prevalencia de estos trastornos en diferentes poblaciones: adultos encarcelados, adultos residentes en la comunidad con participación legal criminal y adultos sin antecedentes penales.
Principales métodos:
- El Estudio de Prevalencia de los Trastornos Mentales y del Uso de Sustancias (MDPS, por sus siglas en inglés) realizó una encuesta epidemiológica nacional.
- La entrevista clínica estructurada para el DSM-5 (SCID-5) fue utilizada para evaluar los diagnósticos.
- Una muestra ponderada incluyó a personas de hogares, prisiones, hospitales y refugios para personas sin hogar.
Principales resultados:
- Aproximadamente el 40% de las personas con participación legal en el año pasado tenían al menos un trastorno mental.
- La prevalencia acumulada fue más alta en la prisión (41,8%), seguida por los residentes de la comunidad con participación legal (37,0%) y aquellos sin antecedentes legales (24,4%).
- La prevalencia del trastorno del espectro de la esquizofrenia fue del 6,3% en la prisión, del 4,4% en los residentes de la comunidad con participación legal y del 1,7% en aquellos sin antecedentes legales.
Conclusiones:
- Los trastornos mentales son significativamente más comunes entre los adultos involucrados en el sistema judicial penal en comparación con la población general.
- Los adultos encarcelados presentan la mayor prevalencia de estos trastornos mentales.
- Los hallazgos ponen de relieve la necesidad crítica de servicios de salud mental dentro del sistema de justicia penal.
Más Videos Relacionados
09:55Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
Published on: March 8, 2018
12.7K
11:31Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
Published on: November 30, 2015
16.2K
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:27Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
141
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
141
01:29Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder
326
The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
326
01:19Introduction to Psychological Disorders
509
Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...
509
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
185
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
185
01:27Depressive Disorders: Etiology
165
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
165
01:28Conduct Disorder
106
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
106