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Los adultos mayores muestran una conectividad de red alterada durante las decisiones de equidad con parejas similares

Yi Yang¹, Rita M Ludwig², James B Wyngaarden¹

¹Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|September 2, 2025

Resumen

Los adultos mayores muestran una actividad cerebral diferente a la de los adultos más jóvenes durante la toma de decisiones sociales, incluso cuando los comportamientos son similares. Esto sugiere que la reorganización cerebral relacionada con la edad puede ayudar a mantener el funcionamiento social.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Conocimiento social
Investigación sobre el envejecimiento

Sus antecedentes:

La navegación por los contextos sociales es vital a lo largo de la vida y tiene un impacto en la susceptibilidad al fraude.
Los mecanismos neuronales para las decisiones sociales en los adultos mayores no se comprenden bien.
La toma de decisiones relacionadas con la equidad es un proceso cognitivo social clave.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo la similitud de edad y pareja afecta la actividad neuronal durante las decisiones de equidad.
Explorar las diferencias relacionadas con la edad en la conectividad de la red cerebral (red de modo predeterminado y red de control ejecutivo).
Para correlacionar la actividad neuronal con la sensibilidad individual a las violaciones de la norma de equidad.

Principales métodos:

Las imágenes por resonancia magnética funcional se utilizaron en adultos más jóvenes (18-35) y mayores (65-80).
Los participantes jugaron un juego de ultimátum con parejas de edad similar y diferente.
La regresión analiza el comportamiento de elección modelado y los datos de IRMf de todo el cerebro.

Principales resultados:

Las elecciones de comportamiento no diferían significativamente entre los grupos de edad o la similitud de pareja.
La neuroimagen reveló patrones específicos de la edad en la conectividad de la red de modo predeterminado (DMN) y la red de control ejecutivo (ECN).
Los adultos más jóvenes mostraron conectividad positiva con el cingulado anterior de DMN con parejas de edad similar, mientras que los adultos mayores mostraron conectividad negativa.

Conclusiones:

Diferentes mecanismos neuronales subyacen a comportamientos sociales similares de toma de decisiones en adultos jóvenes y mayores.
Los patrones opuestos de respuestas neuronales sugieren una reorganización funcional relacionada con la edad.
Estas diferencias neuronales pueden reflejar estrategias compensatorias en adultos mayores para mantener la equivalencia conductual.

Palabras clave:

La toma de decisiones Juego económico La equidad Conectividad de red funcional El contexto social

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