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Codificación predictiva de las secuencias auditivas en la corteza prefrontal humana

Olgerta Asko¹, Vegard A Volehaugen¹, Anaïs Llorens^2,3,4

¹RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|September 2, 2025

Resumen

El cerebro usa distintas regiones de la corteza prefrontal para predecir los próximos sonidos. La corteza orbitofrontal inicia este proceso predictivo, mientras que la corteza prefrontal lateral lo refina, guiando el comportamiento.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Ciencias cognitivas
Percepción auditiva

Sus antecedentes:

La corteza prefrontal (PFC) es crucial para formar las expectativas ambientales para guiar el comportamiento.
Las funciones específicas de la corteza orbitofrontal (OFC) y la PFC lateral (LPFC) en el procesamiento predictivo no se comprenden completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar las distintas contribuciones temporales de OFC y LPFC en el procesamiento predictivo auditivo.
Determinar las funciones causales de la OFC y la LPFC en la formación de la expectativa.

Principales métodos:

EEG intracraneal en pacientes con epilepsia durante una tarea de detección de desviaciones auditivas.
Análisis de la actividad neuronal y la conectividad funcional entre las subregiones prefrontales.
Evaluación de la sensibilidad a la expectativa después de las lesiones OFC o LPFC.

Principales resultados:

Se observó el compromiso de la corteza prefrontal, con una modulación de la expectativa más temprana en OFC y más tarde en LPFC.
Flujo de información bidireccional y asimétrico entre OFC y LPFC, iniciado por OFC.
Las lesiones OFC eliminaron la sensibilidad a la expectativa, mientras que las lesiones LPFC tuvieron un impacto mínimo.

Conclusiones:

OFC y LPFC exhiben roles distintos y organizados temporalmente en el procesamiento predictivo.
OFC juega un papel inicial en la codificación predictiva, mientras que LPFC refina la expectativa.
La evidencia electrofisiológica y causal apoya las funciones segregadas dentro de la corteza prefrontal para la expectativa.

Palabras clave:

Variación negativa contingente (VNC)El EEG Actividad de banda ancha de alta frecuencia (HFBA)El SEEG anticipación percepción auditiva Detección de desviaciones las expectativas lesión del lóbulo frontal corteza prefrontal lateral La corteza orbitofrontal Pronóstico

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