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Los catalizadores de metales preciosos fáciles sintetizados por láser permiten un HER eficiente en medios alcalinos y

Kangfan Xie¹, Guoshuai Fu¹, Ruiqi Xu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Nanotechnology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, P.R. China.

|September 2, 2025

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un método de fusión láser pulsada para crear electrocatalizadores eficientes de bajo metal precioso para la reacción de evolución del hidrógeno (HER). Estos nuevos catalizadores demuestran un rendimiento y una estabilidad superiores tanto en condiciones ácidas como alcalinas, allanando el camino para aplicaciones industriales escalables.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
La electroquímica
Catálisis

Sus antecedentes:

La electrólisis escalable del agua requiere electrocatalizadores eficientes y producibles en masa para la reacción de evolución del hidrógeno (HER).
Los catalizadores existentes a menudo se enfrentan a limitaciones en el rendimiento y la estabilidad a altas densidades de corriente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un método novedoso y escalable para sintetizar electrocatalizadores de alto rendimiento para HER.
Investigar la actividad catalítica y la estabilidad de los compuestos Pd-CuInP2S6 en soportes de grafeno y MXeno.

Principales métodos:

Se empleó un método de fusión láser pulsada para sintetizar compuestos Pd-CuInP2S6 en nanohojas de grafeno o MXene Ti3C2.
El rendimiento electroquímico se evaluó en electrolitos ácidos (0,5 M H2SO4) y alcalinos (1 M KOH).
Se utilizó la teoría funcional de la densidad (DFT) para analizar el mecanismo de mejora de HER.

Principales resultados:

Los catalizadores sintetizados exhibieron una mayor transferencia de carga y abundantes sitios activos, superando al Pt/C comercial.
Se lograron potenciales excesivos notables a 1000 mA cm-2 en medios ácidos (-388 mV) y alcalinos (-455 mV).
Se demostró una estabilidad excepcional durante 10.000 ciclos CV y una operación prolongada, superando la durabilidad Pt/C.

Conclusiones:

El método de fusión láser pulsada permite la producción escalable de electrocatalizadores de metales preciosos eficientes y estables.
Los efectos sinérgicos de los átomos de H intersticiales y los de In sustituidos contribuyen a una mayor actividad de HER.
Estos hallazgos ofrecen una vía prometedora para la producción industrial de hidrógeno a través de la electrólisis del agua.

Palabras clave:

Energía química Ingeniería química Ingeniería electroquímica

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